2014-2018年昆明市麻疹疑似病例病原学监测结果分析  

Analysis of pathogenic surveillance results of suspected measles cases in Kunming from 2014 to 2018

作　　者：李文龙[1] 刘艳艳 马丽波 刘如锦 侯敏[1] 朱心 简千棋 LI Wen-long;LIU Yan-yan;MA Li-bo;LIU Ru-jin;HOU Min;ZHU Xin;JIAN Qian-qi(Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming,Yunnan 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第2期355-358,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2018年昆明市麻疹疑似病例的病原学检测结果,为进一步控制和消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采集麻疹疑似病例病原学标本(咽拭子和/或尿液),使用Real time RT-PCR法检测麻疹病毒核酸。结果2014-2018年昆明市共报告353例麻疹疑似病例,130例实验室确诊病例,阳性率为36.83%(130/353)。其中咽拭子阳性标本127份,阳性率35.98%(127/353);尿液阳性标本48份,阳性率为30.97%(48/155)。咽拭子阳性率及尿液阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.197,P=0.274)。2014年麻疹发病呈冬春季分布,2015-2018年演变为3-6月的单峰型;确诊病例主要分布在主城区的西山区45.38%(59/130),官渡区44.62%(58/130),五华区8.46%(11/130);男女确诊病例比为1.60∶1,确诊病例中8~23月龄组最多65例(50.00%),其次是<8月龄组32例(24.62%)、>18岁组19例(14.62%)。结论昆明市应加强麻疹重点地区和易感人群的监测,努力减少和消除免疫空白人群;进一步提高麻疹病例咽拭子标本采集质量,为努力实现消除麻疹目标提供实验室依据。Objective To analyze the results of pathogenic surveillance of suspected measles cases in Kunming from 2014 to 2018,and thus to provide more scientific basis for controlling and eliminating measles.Methods Using real-time RT-PCR to detect the pathogenic samples of suspected measles cases.Results 353 specimens were detected from 2014 to 2018,and the positive rate was 36.83%(130/353).The positive rate of 127 nasopharyngeal swabs specimens was 35.98%(127/353).The positive rate of 48 urine specimens was 30.97%(48/155).The measles peak in 2014 was winter and spring.The measles peaks of 2015-2018 were from March to June.The conformed cases were major in Xishan 45.38%(59/130),Guandu 44.62%(58/130),and Wuhua&46%(11/130).Positive cases of male/female were 1.60/1.The positive conformed cases of 8-23 months were 65(50.00%).The positive cases of<8 months were 32(24.62%).The positive cases of>18 years were 19(14.62%).Conclusion The surveillance of key areas and susceptible population should be strengthened to eliminate gaps in population immunity.Improving quality control of nasopharyngeal swabs is necessary for accurate results of lab detection.

关 键 词：麻疹 Real time RT-PCR 病原学监测 

分 类 号：R117[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]