太原市PM2.5中含碳气溶胶特征分析  

Analysis of characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in PM2.5 of Taiyuan

作　　者：张大宇 刘效峰[1] 彭林[2] 白慧玲[1] 王志磊 张姝婷 张建强 ZHANG Dayu;LIU Xiaofeng;PENG Lin;BAI Huiling;WANG Zhilei;ZHANG Shuting;ZHANG Jianqiang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,030024,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing,102206,China;Shanxi Institute of Energy,Taiyuan,030600,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,太原030024 [2]华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院,北京102206 [3]山西能源学院,太原030600

出　　处：《环境化学》2019年第12期2719-2727,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41502324);山西省教育厅高校科技创新项目(2014126)资助~~

摘　　要：为研究太原市环境空气中含碳组分的时空分布变化规律,于2014年3月、5月、8月、12月采集了太原市3个点位春、夏、秋、冬等4个季节的PM2.5样品,利用碳分析仪(DRI 2001A)测定了样品中OC1、OC2、OC3、OC4、EC1、EC2、EC3、OPC共8种碳组分含量,计算了有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)二者浓度,分析了OC和EC的时空分布特征.结果显示,太原市PM2.5中OC和EC的平均质量浓度分别是13.5±14μg·m^-3和6.5±6.1μg·m^-3,其中OC浓度随季节变化顺序为冬季>春季>夏季>秋季,EC浓度季节变化与OC一致.春、夏、秋、冬4个季节总含碳气溶胶(TCA)占PM2.5比例分别为17.6%、9.5%、8.8%、42.3%,其中冬季最高,表明冬季含碳气溶胶污染较为严重.夏季中OC和EC相关性较弱(R2=0.4054),而春季(R2=0.7659)、秋季(R2=0.8253)、冬季(R2=0.8184)OC和EC相关性较强,表明夏季碳气溶胶来源不同.通过(OC/EC)min最小比值法估算二次有机碳(SOC)浓度,春、夏、秋、冬季SOC浓度分别为2.8±2.9μg·m^-3、1.0±0.8μg·m^-3、0.5±0.4μg·m^-3、3.6±3.5μg·m^-3,冬季SOC浓度最高.8种碳组分分析结果显示,不同季节一次排放源中生物质燃烧、机动车尾气排放及煤炭燃烧对太原市含碳气溶胶贡献不同,其中,冬季燃煤和机动车排放使太原市含碳气溶胶污染严重,应加强燃煤和机动车排放源管控,来减轻碳组分污染.In order to study the temporal and spatial distribution of carbonaceous components in the ambient air of Taiyuan,PM2.5 samples were collected during March(Spring),May(Summer),August(Autumn),and December(Winter)in 2014.Eight carbon fractions of OC1,OC2,OC3,OC4,EC1,EC2,EC3 and OPC were analyzed by Carbon Analyzer(DRI 2001A),and then OC and EC concentrations were calculated,and the temporal and spatial distribution of OC and EC were analyzed.The results showed that the average mass concentrations of OC and EC in PM2.5 of Taiyuan were 13.5±14.0μg·m^-3 and 6.5±6.1μg·m^-3,respectively.OC and EC concentrations displayed seasonal variation as winter>spring>summer>autumn.Total Carbonaceous Aerosol(TCA)accounted for 17.6%,9.5%,8.8%,and 42.3%of PM2.5 in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively,suggesting that the pollution of carbonaceous aerosol was serious during winter.The correlation between OC and EC was weak in summer(R2=0.4054),indicating the source of carbon aerosol was different.Secondary Organic Carbon(SOC)concentrations were estimated by the(OC/EC)min ratio method,and SOC concentrations in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 2.8±2.9μg·m^-3,1.0±0.8μg·m^-3,0.5±0.4μg·m^-3,3.6±3.5μg·m^-3,respectively.The analysis results of eight carbon components showed that biomass burning,vehicle exhaust emissions and coal combustion in different primary sources contributed differently to carbonaceous aerosol in Taiyuan.Coal burning and vehicle emission control should be strengthened to reduce carbon component pollution.

关 键 词：PM2.5 有机碳 元素碳 二次有机碳 太原市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]