两种流感病毒快速检测试剂盒在甲型流感病毒检测中的比较研究  

Comparison of two rapid detection reagents for influenza A virus in influenza surveillance

作　　者：王圆圆[1] 张义华[1] 方遒[1] 朱童娜 汪道发[1] 盛维立[1] 王蓓蕾 周马云 WANG Yuan-yuan;ZHANG Yi-hua;FANG Qiu;ZHU Tong-na;WANG Dao-fa;SHENG Wei-li;WANG Bei-lei;ZHOU Ma-yun(Tongling Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Tongling Anhui 244000,China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2019年第6期454-460,共7页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：安徽省卫生计生委科研计划项目(2017jk005);铜陵市卫生科研项目(卫科研[2015]17号)

摘　　要：目的比较不同原理和不同厂家的2种流感病毒快速检测试剂盒在临床诊断应用中的优劣。方法分别用免疫渗滤法试剂盒W和胶体金法试剂盒A检测60份经病毒分离鉴定为甲型流感病毒阳性的咽拭子样本,比较2种试剂盒检岀率的差异。利用2种试剂盒对各稀释度的H1N1pdm09型和H3N2型病毒培养液进行检测,得到2种试剂盒的最低检测限,比较2种试剂盒的灵敏度。结果2种试剂盒对于甲型流感病毒H3N2型的检出率差异有统计学意义(78.95%vs47.37%,P<0.05)。2种试剂盒对于甲型流感病毒的H1N1pdm09、H5、H7、H9型的检测,以及滴度分组的检测差异无统计学意义,且对于H5、H7型高致病性禽流感的检出率偏低。在病例病程的l^d分组中,2种试剂盒检出率的差异有统计学意义(62.50%vs33.33%,P<V0.05)。免疫渗滤法试剂盒W最低检测限高于胶体金法试剂盒A,其中对于H3N2型流感病毒的检测下限免疫渗滤法试剂盒W较胶体金法试剂盒A高25倍,说明试剂盒W在H3N2型流感病毒检测中具有更高的灵敏度。结论免疫渗滤法试剂盒W在常见的H1N1pdm09亚型和H3N2亚型的现场检验中较胶体金法试剂盒A具有更高的灵敏度,对H3N2亚型流感病毒的检出率显著高于胶体金法试剂盒A。在H3N2型甲型流感病毒流行阶段,快速检测试剂盒在发病初期可以发挥良好的筛査作用,可以作为辅助检测技术使用。但在高致病性禽流感疫情暴发阶段应该以荧光定量PCR作为常规的检测手段。Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two rapid detection kits for influenza virus with different principles and different manufacturers in clinical diagnosis.Methods Sixty swab samples identified as positive for influenza A virus by viral isolation were tested with the two kits,and the detection rates of the two reagents were compared.Two reagents were used to detect H1N1pdm09 and H3N2 virus culture fluid with different dilutions.The lower detection limit of the two reagents were obtained and the sensitivity of the two reagents were compared.Results Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates(reagent W was 78.95%,reagent A was 47.37%)of H3N2 typing between the two reagents for influenza A virus(P=0.044,P<0.05).The two reagents'detection rates(both<30%)did not show statistically significant differences in the detection of H1N1pdm09,H5,H7,and H9 type of influenza A virus,and the detection of titer group(P>0.05).Moreover,the detection rate of H5 and H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza was low.In the 1-d group of the disease course,the difference in the detection rate(reagent W was 62.5%,reagent A was 33.34%)of the two reagents(P<0.05)was not statistically significant.The lower detection limit of the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reage nt W was higher than that of the colloidal gold reagent A,and the lower detection limit of the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent W for H3N2 influenza virus was 25 times higher than that of the colloidal gold reagent A,indicating that the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent W had a higher sensitivity in the detection of H3N2 subtypes influenza virus.Conclusions For H3N2 subtypes and H1N1pdm09 subtypes,the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent W has higher sensitivity than the colloidal gold reagent A.The rapid detection reagent for the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent W has a significantly higher detection rate for H3N2 influenza A virus than the rapid detection reagen

关 键 词：甲型流感病毒 快速检测试剂盒 胶体金法 免疫渗滤法 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学]