应用叶酸干预对胎鼠神经管畸形预防作用的研究  

Effect of folic acid intervention on neural tube defects in fetal rats

作　　者：王龙[1] WANG Long(Department of Pediatric Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院儿外科

出　　处：《哈尔滨医科大学学报》2019年第4期363-366,371,共5页Journal of Harbin Medical University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(H201349)

摘　　要：目的研究应用叶酸干预对胎鼠神经管畸形(neural tube defects,NTDs)的预防作用。方法将24只性成熟健康雌性SD大鼠随机均分为3组:正常组、对照畸形组、叶酸干预组。叶酸干预组于雌鼠孕前2周喂食添加叶酸的饲料(60μg·kg^-1),直到终止妊娠;对照畸形组、叶酸干预组于雌鼠妊娠第10天时给予ATRA(100 mg·kg^-1)灌胃,正常组给予相同剂量石蜡油。三组均在雌鼠妊娠第15天行剖宫取胎,观察神经管畸形率并测定孕鼠血清叶酸、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)含量。结果①对照畸形组的胎鼠神经管畸形率(96.45%)高于叶酸干预组(34.27%)(P<0.01),正常组胎鼠未见畸形;②病理学观察发现正常组胎鼠发育正常,对照畸形组以胎鼠显性脊柱裂为主,胎鼠皮肤及皮下组织出现圆形缺损,神经管裸露或者膨出,叶酸干预组胎鼠脊柱裂位置较对照畸形组低,皮肤缺损面积小,损害程度低;③叶酸干预组血清叶酸含量高于正常组与对照畸形组(P<0.05)。对照畸形组同型半胱氨酸含量高于正常组和叶酸干预组(P<0.05)。结论应用叶酸干预可促进胎鼠神经管的正常发育,有效降低胎鼠神经管畸形发生率。Objective To explore the effect of folic acid intervention on neural tube defects in fetal rats. Methods Twenty-four SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: normal control group, teratogenic model group, and folic acid intervention group. The rats in the third group were feeded with folate(60 μg·kg^-1) two weeks before pregnancy until to the end of gestation;And ATRA of 100 μg·kg^-1 was once given by gavage to both folic acid-intervention and teratogenic model groups on gestational days 10, while equivalent volume of paraffin oil was administered by intragastric infusion for the normal control rats. Caesarean on each samples of each group were operated on gestational days 15 to observe the rate of NTDs and determine serum folic acid and homocysteine(Hcy) in pregnant rats. Results ①The rate of neural tube malformation in the control group(96.45%) was higher than that in the folic acid intervention group(34.27%)(P<0.01). There was no malformation in the normal group. ②Pathological observation showed that fetal rats in normal group developed normally. The dominant spina bifida was found in the control malformation group. The skin and subcutaneous tissue of fetal rats showed circular defects, the nerve tube was exposed or bulged. The location of spina bifida in folic acid intervention group was lower than that in the control malformation group, and the area of skin defect was smaller and the degree of damage was lower. ③The serum folic acid content in folic acid intervention group was higher than that in normal group and control group(P<0.05). The content of homocysteine in control group was higher than that in normal group and folic acid intervention group(P<0.05). Conclusion Folic acid intervention can promote the normal development of neural tube in fetal rats and effectively reduce the incidence of neural tube malformation in fetal rats.

关 键 词：神经管畸形 叶酸 胎鼠 

分 类 号：R329.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]