亚热带阔叶林林窗干扰特征与分布模式研究  

Canopy Gap Characteristics and Spatial Patterns in Subtropical Broad-leaved Forest

作　　者：刘峰[1,2] 李建军 谭畅 杨志高[1,2] LIU Feng;LI Jianjun;TAN Chang;YANG Zhigao(College of Science,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Key Laboratory for Digital Dongting Lake Basin of Hunan Province,Changsha 410004,China;College of Economics,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学理学院,长沙410004 [2]数字洞庭湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第1期230-236,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31570627);湖南省科技计划重点研发项目(2017NK2132);湖南省学位与研究生教育改革研究重点项目(2019JGZD047)

摘　　要：为了解林窗特征及其空间分布对森林结构优化和功能恢复的重要驱动作用,以湖南省亚热带阔叶林为研究对象,根据长期监测数据,综合利用描述性统计方法、Ripley’s K函数和空间点模式分析方法,量化分析自然干扰林窗和人为干扰林窗的结构特征、空间分布模式以及影响林窗分布的空间变量。结果表明,林窗平均面积为78.9 m^2,林窗平均密度为12.8个/hm^2,与人工林相比,次生林呈现出林窗面积较小、密度较大、形状较复杂等特点;不同干扰类型的林窗在面积、形状和林下植被高度等特征上存在较大差异;林窗在空间分布模式上也有差异,但在大尺度上都呈现出聚集分布模式;次生林林窗分布的主要影响因素是坡度和坡位,而人工林林窗分布的主要影响因素是坡度、林分密度和可达度(与最近道路距离)。研究结果可为适应气候变化的森林经营提供方法借鉴和技术支撑。Canopy gap characteristics and spatial distribution play an important role in forest structure optimization and function restoration.Based on airborne laser scanning data and field evidence across sites,descriptive statistics were used to identify and examine gap characteristics.Ripley’s K-function analysis was applied to test gap spatial patterns at a range of scales,and spatial point pattern analysis was used to quantify the relative importance of specific influences on patterns of gap occurrence.The results revealed that the average gap size was 78.9 m^2 and that 12.8 gaps occurred per hectare.In addition to more gaps,the mean gap size was smaller and the shape was more complex in the secondary forest site than in two managed sites.Large differences in gap characteristics were observed among natural disturbances and artificial gap.Gaps generally showed a clustered distribution at large scales,whereas spatial patterns varied with gap damage types at different sites.The occurrence of gaps was strongly related to slope and topographic position at the secondary forest site,whereas slope,stem density,and human accessibility(proximity to pathways)were the most important factors affecting gap occurrence at the managed sites.The purpose was to clarify the mechanism of forest gap disturbance and provide methodological reference and technical support for forest management to adapt to climate change.

关 键 词：亚热带阔叶林 林窗 林窗特征 空间分布模式 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理]