大叶种茶树叶片解剖结构对纬度的响应  

Response of Leaf Anatomical Structure of Dayezhong Tea Germplasm to Latitude

作　　者：田丽丽[1,2] 李娟 林海燕[1] 黄建安[1] 刘仲华[1] Tian Lili;Li Juan;Lin Haiyan;Huang Jian'an;Liu Zhonghua(Key Laboratory of Tea Science,Ministry of Education,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botani cals,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,410128;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Institute of Pomology,Taian,271000)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学,茶学教育部重点实验室,国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南省植物功能成分利用协同创新中心,长沙410128 [2]山东省农业科学院山东省果树研究所,泰安271000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第21期7262-7268,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家茶叶产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-11B);国家自然科学基金项目(31470692;31500567;31670691);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2017JJ3104);作物种质创新与资源利用国家重点实验室培育基地开放课题(16KFXM10)共同资助

摘　　要：为了探究大叶种茶树响应纬度变化的机制,我们对2种大叶种茶树的叶片结构进行了解剖研究。选取云南大叶种和桃源大叶种2年生茶树幼苗为材料,采用盆栽法控制茶树的生长条件,研究不同纬度对茶树大叶种叶片解剖结构的影响。结果表明:在不同纬度下2种茶树叶片的总厚度、上下表皮厚度和栅栏组织厚度均显著不同,桃源大叶种的叶片总厚度比云南大叶种增加19.51%。栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度比(栅海比)、气孔随纬度增高而显著增大,且气孔密度和表皮毛密度随纬度的升高而显著增加,桃源大叶种的栅栏组织比云南大叶种多1层,增加其叶绿体含量,使其适应性增强。随着纬度的升高,桃源大叶种的气孔和表皮毛变化显著,与云南大叶种茶树相比气孔变大密度变小,表皮毛变长且密度增加,桃源大叶种茶树这一系列的表观特征变化增强其对高纬度的适应性。In order to explore the mechanism of response to latitude changes in large-leaved tea trees, we conducted an anatomical study on the leaf structure of two large-leaved tea trees. Two-year-old tea seedlings of Yunnandaye and Taoyuandaye were selected as materials. The potting method was used to control the growth conditions of tea trees, and the effects of different latitudes on the leaf anatomical structure of tea leaves were studied. The results showed that the total thickness, upper epidermis thickness and palisade tissue thickness of the two tea leaves were significantly different at different latitudes. The total leaf thickness of the peach leaf large leaf species increased by 19.51% compared with the Yunnandaye species. The ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness(palisade-to-spongy ratio) and stomata increased significantly with the increase of latitude,and the stomata density and epidermal hair density increased significantly with the increase of latitude. The palisade tissue of Taoyuandaye was one layer more than that of Yunnandaye, which increased the content of chloroplasts and enhanced its adaptability. With the increase of latitude, the stomata and epidermal hair of Taoyuandaye changed significantly. Compared with Yunnandaye, the stomata became larger and denser, the epidermal hair grew longer and the density increased, the apparent feature changes enhance Taoyuandaye adaptability to high latitudes.

关 键 词：大叶种茶树 叶片 解剖结构 纬度 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]