四元十字麦克风阵声源定位算法研究  

Research on sound source locating algorithm of quaternary cross microphone array

作　　者：张晓光 吕海峰[1] 吕传茂 王普浩 韩冬 陈龙虎 ZHANG Xiaoguang;LÜHaifeng;LÜChuanmao;WANG Puhao;HAN Dong;CHEN Longhu(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《中国测试》2020年第2期96-102,共7页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51305409);山西省青年科技研究基金项目(2013021020-2)

摘　　要：为对声源进行精确定位,该文设计一种基于广义互相关法时延估计的四元十字麦克风阵的声源定位算法。推导目标声源的方位角、俯仰角以及距离的计算公式,搭建实验和仿真平台,将该算法运用于平面声源定位中进行验证。采用LabVIEW软件进行算法的三维空间仿真实验,通过对各麦克风采集信号进行相关分析和处理,实现声源的定位,测试该系统在实际应用中的性能。二维平面定位实验结果声源距离的误差范围在0.01~0.02 m之间,距离偏差百分比误差范围在5.5%之内,仿真结果坐标与实际声源坐标的结果误差范围在10%~15%,该系统的坐标偏差误差在7%之内,距离偏差百分比误差范围在4%之内。搭建实验平台进行三维空间定位测试,实验结论表明,距离偏差百分比低于9%,表明该系统对声源定位速度较快,误差在合理范围内,精度理想,能够比较准确地对声源进行定位。In order to accurately locate the sound source,this paper designs a sound source localization algorithm based on the four-dimensional cross microphone array based on the generalized cross-correlation time delay estimation.The calculation formulas of the azimuth,elevation and distance of the target sound source are derived.The experiment and simulation platform are built and the algorithm is applied to the plane sound source localization for verification.The LabVIEW software is used to simulate the three-dimensional space of the algorithm.The correlation analysis and processing of the signals collected by each microphone are used to locate the sound source and test the performance of the system in practical applications.The error range of the sound source distance is between 0.01 m and 0.02 m,and the error range of the distance deviation is within 5.5%.The error of the simulation result and the actual sound source coordinate is in the range of 10%-15%.The coordinate deviation error of the system is within 7%,and the distance deviation percentage error range is within 4%.The experimental platform was built to carry out the three-dimensional spatial positioning test.The experimental results show that the distance deviation percentage is lower than 9%,which indicates that the system locates the sound source faster,the error is within a reasonable range,and the precision is ideal.It can accurately locate the sound source.

关 键 词：广义互相关 时延估计 四元十字阵 声源定位 

分 类 号：O429[理学—声学]