不同矮杆大豆品种的耐密性研究  

The Density Tolerance of Dwarf Soybean Varieties

作　　者：刘念析 董志敏[1] 厉志[1] 陈亮[1] 刘浩[1] 衣志刚[1] 王博[1] 刘宝权[1] Liu Nianxi;Dong Zhimin;Li Zhi;Chen Liang;Liu Hao;Yi Zhigang;Wang Bo;Liu Baoquan(Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所

出　　处：《农学学报》2020年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：吉林省农业科技创新工程-博士科研启动基金项目“大豆灰斑病室内鉴定体系的建立及分子标记的开发”（C92070421）

摘　　要：为了明确合理的矮杆密植大豆群体结构,为实现大豆超高产育种目标奠定理论基础。以4个不同基因型矮杆大豆品种为试验材料,设置了8个不同的密度梯度,调查分析产量相关性状,筛选最适宜的种植密度。结果表明,随着密度的递增,株高表现为逐渐增加;单株荚数及粒数则表现为逐渐下降;产量呈现先增加后减少的趋势;倒伏率在达到一定密度时出现急剧上升。‘吉密豆1号’、‘吉密豆2号’、‘吉密豆3号’‘、吉密豆4号’的最佳种植密度分别为40万株/hm^2、37.5万株/hm^2、40万株/hm^2和56万株/hm^2,产量分别可达4199.2 kg/hm^2、3282.3 kg/hm^2、3410.1 kg/hm^2和3313.4 kg/hm^2。因此,合理的增加种植密度,可进一步挖掘矮杆耐密型大豆的高产潜力。To clarify the reasonable dwarf and dense-planted population structure of soybean and establish a theoretical basis for super high yield breeding of soybean, four dwarf soybean varieties of different genotypes were used as materials, and eight density gradients were set up. The yield-related traits were investigated and analyzed, and the most suitable planting density was screened. The results show that the plant height gradually increases with the density increasing;the number of pods and grains per plant gradually decrease;the yield has a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing;the lodging rate increases dramatically when the density reaches a certain degree. The optimal plant density for‘Jimidou-1’,‘Jimidou-2’,‘imidou-3’and‘Jimidou-4’is 400000 plants/hm^2, 375000 plants/hm^2, 400000 plants/hm^2 and 560000 plants/hm^2, respectively, and the yield reaches 4199.2 kg/hm^2, 3282.3 kg/hm^2, 3410.1 kg/hm^2 and 3313.4 kg/hm^2, respectively. Therefore, the high-yield potential of dwarf and high-density tolerant soybean varieties can be further tapped by increasing the density reasonably.

关 键 词：大豆 矮杆 密度 倒伏 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]