基于多指标协同的草莓水肥耦合综合调控  

Comprehensive Regulation of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Based on Multi-index Collaboration of Strawberry

作　　者：张智[1,2] 李曼宁 杨志 蔡泽林 洪婷婷 丁明 ZHANG Zhi;LI Manning;YANG Zhi;CAI Zelin;HONG Tingting;DING Ming(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业农村部西北设施园艺重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第2期267-276,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018TSCXL-NY-05-03);杨凌示范区产学研用协同创新重大项目(2017CXY-07);西安市科技计划项目(2017050NC/NY011(2));现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23-C07)

摘　　要：为探寻草莓最优水肥组合,设置灌水和施肥二因素三水平共9个处理,分析不同水肥耦合对草莓产量、果实品质、水肥利用效率多个指标的影响。引入AHP层次分析法和熵权法对3类因素9个指标进行多层赋权,运用基于博弈论的组合赋权法获得各单一指标最终权重,基于TOPSIS法构建草莓综合生长评价体系,并以高产、高品质、高效为目标建立草莓水肥耦合响应数学模型。结果表明,水肥耦合作用对草莓的单果质量、产量、水分利用效率和肥料利用效率的影响极显著,对品质无显著影响。中水、高肥灌溉下草莓的单果质量最大,中水、中肥灌溉下草莓的产量和可溶性糖含量最优,中水、低肥灌溉下草莓的糖酸比和可溶性蛋白质含量表现最优,低水、中肥灌溉下草莓的可溶性固形物含量、水分利用效率和肥料利用效率最优,低水低肥灌溉下草莓的维生素C含量最大。综合协调各指标,赋权值最高为产量(0.2641),最低为可溶性蛋白质含量(0.0595);多指标综合评价最优水肥处理为中水中肥(T5)。解析草莓综合生长对水肥耦合的响应模型,灌水量及施肥量的单因素效应均为开口向下的抛物线;当灌水量编码值为-0.23(2375.1 m^3/hm^2)、施肥量编码值为-0.02(1825.88 kg/hm^2)时,草莓综合评分最高。以综合评分最大值的90%划分水肥耦合闭合区域,得到最佳灌水和施肥区间分别为灌水量2268~2520 m^3/hm^2、施肥量1759.88~1869.87 kg/hm^2。In order to explore the optimal combination of water and fertilizer for strawberry,nine treatments were set from three levels of irrigation and fertilizer,and the effects of different water and fertilizer coupling on yield,fruit quality,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of strawberry were analyzed.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and entropy weighted multilayer empowerment on nine indexes from three kinds of factors were introduced,combination method which derive from game theory was used to obtain the single final target weight,the comprehensive growth evaluation system for strawberry based on TOPSIS method was constructed,and mathematical fertilizer response model was established with the goal of achieve high yield,high quality and high efficiency.The results showed that the effect of water and fertilizer coupling on the weight of fruit per unit area,yield,water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of strawberry was very significant,but not on the quality.The single fruit weight of strawberry was the highest under medium-water and high-fertilizer irrigation.The strawberry yield and soluble sugar were the best under medium-water and medium-fertilizer irrigation.The strawberry had the best sugar-acid ratio and soluble protein content under low-water and high-fertilizer irrigation.The soluble solids content and fertilizer utilization efficiency of strawberry were the best under low-water and medium-fertilizer irrigation.The vitamin C content of strawberry was the highest under low-water and low-fertilizer irrigation.The strawberry had the highest water use efficiency under low-water and medium-fertilizer irrigation.Comprehensively coordinated the various indicators,the highest weighted value was yield(0.2641)and the lowest was soluble protein content(0.0595);the comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators for optimal water and fertilizer treatment was medium-water and medium-fertilizer(T5).Analyzing the response model of strawberry comprehensive growth to the coupling of water and fertilize

关 键 词：草莓 水肥耦合 产量 品质 水肥利用 综合生长模型 

分 类 号：S626.4[农业科学—园艺学] S275.6