结构设计对于火药辅助式开断器开断特性的影响  

Effect of Structural Design on Interruption Characteristics of Propellant-Assisted Interrupter

作　　者：周煜韬 庄劲武[1] 武瑾[1] 袁志方[1] 张超[1] Zhou Yutao;Zhuang Jinwu;Wu Jin;Yuan Zhifang;Zhang Chao(College of Electric Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2020年第5期1075-1082,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：现有熔断器中的高速开断器通常采用炸药爆轰产生的冲击波来进行爆破驱动,炸药在实际应用中存在破坏力强、噪声大、价格昂贵等缺陷,且炸药型开断器结构设计复杂、体积大、质量重。该文针对炸药型开断器存在的问题,设计采用燃烧做功的火药辅助分断的新型开断器方案。为了提高新型开断器的开断特性,在建立开断器的热电耦合模型和非线性动力学模型的基础上,优化开断栅片的倒角方式及开断器银片的开孔形式。设计火药辅助分断式混合型限流熔断器试验方案,完成了菱形开孔、三角形开孔这两种银片设计下的整机分断试验,并对比分析试验结果。试验结果表明,所提开断器的仿真模型是正确的,三角形开孔可以有效减小火药辅助式开断器刚分时间及提升开断弧压。The high-speed interrupter in the existing fuse is usually driven by shock wave generated by explosive detonation.There are some defects in the practical application of explosive,such as strong destructive power,high noise and high price.In addition,the structure design of explosive type interrupter is complex,and this type of interrupter is of large volume and heavy weight.Aiming at solving the problems of explosive type interrupter,this paper designs a new type of interrupter scheme,in which the propellant-assisted interrupter(PAI)works by burning.In order to improve the interruption charac-teristics of the new type of PAI,the thermoelectric coupling model and the non-linear dynamic model are established.The chamfering mode of insulation plate and the opening form of the silver sheet are optimized.The test scheme of hybrid current-limiting fuse based on PAI is designed.The interrupting test of the whole machine under the design of diamond and triangular openings is completed,and the test results are compared and analyzed.The experimental results show that the simulation model of the proposed interrupter is correct.Triangular opening can effectively reduce the breaking time of PAI and increase the interrupting arc voltage.

关 键 词：火药辅助分断 开断器 弧压 刚分时间 非线性动力学 

分 类 号：TM[电气工程]