柴达木盆地GPS大气可降水量精度检验及其变化特征  

Accuracy Test of Precipitable Water Vapor Retrieved by GPS Data and Its Variation Characteristic in Qaidam Basin

作　　者：韩辉邦[1,2] 张小军 张博越[1] 田建兵 康晓燕[1] HAN Huibang;ZHANG Xiaojun;ZHANG Boyue;TIAN Jianbing;KANG Xiaoyan(Weather Modification Office of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,China;Key Laboratory of Disaster Preventing and Reducing of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省人工影响天气办公室,青海西宁810001 [2]青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《干旱气象》2020年第1期50-57,共8页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41665008、41565008)资助

摘　　要：利用柴达木盆地格尔木站2014年每日00:00和12:00 (世界时,下同) L波段探空数据计算得到的大气可降水量资料(PWV_RS)用来验证GPS数据反演的大气可降水量(P_(WV_GPS))精度。在此基础上,利用格尔木、德令哈两站P_(WV_GPS)资料,对该地区大气可降水量P_(WV)变化特征进行分析。结果表明:柴达木盆地P_(WV_RS)和P_(WV_GPS)逐日变化具有很好的一致性,P_(WV_GPS)略高于P_(WV_RS),两者相关系数在0. 9以上。夏秋季P_(WV_RS)和P_(WV_GPS)相关性明显好于冬春季,00:00的相关系数略高于12:00。00:00和12:00 P_(WV_GPS)均方根误分别为1. 8和2. 4 mm,平均相对误差分别为0. 2和0. 4,平均偏差分别为4. 2和4. 3 mm。柴达木盆地P_(WV_GPS)能够反映这一地区实际大气可降水量水平。柴达木盆地P_(WV_GPS)月变化呈单峰型分布,7月最大、12月最小。P_(WV_GPS)夏季最为丰富、秋季次之、冬季最小,呈南多北少的空间分布特征。柴达木盆地日均P_(WV_GPS)为0. 4~28. 0 mm,逐时P_(WV_GPS)为6. 9~7. 3 mm。Based on the precipitable water vapor calculated by radiosonde data(PWV_RS)at 00:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC in 2014 at Golmud station of Qaidam Basin,the accuracy of precipitable water vapor retrieved by GPS data(PWV_GPS)was tested.Meanwhile,the variation characteristics of PWV_GPS was analyzed at Golmud and Delingha stations in Qaidam Basin.The results show that daily variations of PWV_GPS and PWV_RS were consistent and the correlation coefficient between them was more than 0.9.The correlation was better in summer and autumn than in winter and spring,the correlation coefficient at 00:00 UTC was slightly higher than that at 12:00 UTC.At 00:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC,the RMSE of PWV_GPS was 1.8 and 2.4 mm,and the MRE was 0.2 and 0.4,and the BIAS was 4.2 and 4.3 mm,respectively.Monthly variation of PWV_GPS presented a single peak distribution,the maximum appeared in July and the minimum appeared in December.PWV_GPS was rich in summer and shortage in winter,and it was more in south and less in north.The diurnal variation of PWV_GPS ranged from 0.4 to 28 mm and the hourly PWV_GPS ranged from 6.9 to 7.3 mm.

关 键 词：大气可降水量 GPS大气可降水量 精度检验 柴达木盆地 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]