超吸水静电纺纤维毡的制备及性能研究  

Study on preparation and properties of super absorbent electrospun felts

作　　者：魏发云[1] 张伟[2] 李昱昊 潘建晔 张瑜[2] Wei Fayun;Zhang Wei;Li Yuhao;Pan Jianye;Zhang Yu(Xinglin College,Nantong University,Nantong 226019,China;College of Textile and Clothing,Nantong University,Nantong 226019,China;China Nonwovens&Industrial Textiles Association,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学杏林学院,江苏南通226019 [2]南通大学纺织服装学院,江苏南通226019 [3]中国产业用纺织品行业协会,北京100020

出　　处：《产业用纺织品》2019年第12期19-24,共6页Technical Textiles

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0303101);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51303085);南通市科技计划项目(JC2018037);南通大学杏林学院科研基金项目(2018K118)

摘　　要：采用过硫酸钾作为引发剂,通过自由基聚合将丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚,接着加入戊二醛制成纺丝原液,再通过静电纺丝工艺制备纤维毡,然后在150℃下经4 h的戊二醛热交联获得超吸水静电纺纤维毡。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪研究超吸水静电纺纤维毡的纤维表面化学结构,采用扫描电镜研究不同纺丝电压、不同推进速度对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的表面形貌及纤维直径的影响,采用称重法研究纤维直径及其分布对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的吸液性能和保水性能的影响。结果表明:当纺丝电压为20 kV、推进速度为15.0μL/min时,纤维可纺性好且成纤均匀,所得超吸水静电纺纤维毡对去离子水和质量分数为0.9%的NaCl溶液的吸液倍率分别达到116和94,且30℃下保水性能良好。With potassium persulfate taken as an initiator,acrylic acid and acrylamide were copolymerized by free radical polymerization,then glutaraldehyde was added to make spinning solution,then fiber felts were prepared by electrospinning process,and then super absorbent electrospun felts were obtained by glutaraldehyde thermal crosslinking under 150℃ for 4 hours.The chemical structure of fiber surface of the super absorbent electrospun felts was studied by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The effects of different spinning voltages and different propulsion rates on the surface morphology and fiber diameter of the super absorbent electrospun felts were studied by scanning electron microscopy.The effects of fiber diameter and its distribution on the absorbance and water retention of the super absorbent electrospun felts were studied by weighing method.The results showed that the fiber spinnability was good and the fiberization was uniform when the spinning voltage was 20 kV and the propulsion rate was 15.0μL/min.The absorption ratio of the obtained super absorbent electrospun felts to deionized water and NaCl solution with mass fraction of 0.9% reached 116 and 94 respectively,and the water retention performance was good under 30℃.

关 键 词：超吸水 静电纺 丙烯酸 丙烯酰胺 表面形貌 纤维直径 吸液性能 保水性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.86[化学工程—化纤工业]