双工位自锁电磁铁的设计与仿真  

Design and simulation of a double station self-locking electromagnet

作　　者：张强[1] 周炜[1] 乔桂玉[1] 于长吉 邓哲 ZHANG Qiang;ZHOU Wei;QIAO Guiyu;YU Changji;DENG Zhe(Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Beijing 100076,China;Capital Aerospace Machinery Company,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天动力研究所,北京100076 [2]首都航天机械有限公司,北京100076

出　　处：《火箭推进》2020年第1期83-88,101,共7页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：国家装备预研航天科技联合基金(6141B0626040301)

摘　　要：根据某型发动机系统要求,亟需研制一种具有双工位自锁功能的电磁阀以确保发动机断电时仍能正常工作。核心组件电磁铁作为自锁电磁阀最重要的部件,直接影响整个阀门的可靠性。以往型号发动机中双工位自锁电磁铁应用较少,在设计计算与仿真研究方面稍显不足,工程指导性有待加强。阐述了一种双工位自锁电磁铁工作原理,介绍了磁路设计与计算方法,使用有限元软件对电磁铁进行仿真计算,相关测试验证了设计的准确性。通过对电磁铁性能特性进行仿真研究,得到了外部参数对其影响规律。即衔铁工作气隙增大将导致吸力减小,驱动电压增大可使电磁铁动作响应时间减少、触发电流和电流储备系数增加,作动裕度有所提高。由此得到了一种具有工程指导意义的双工位自锁电磁铁设计方法。当前该方案电磁铁已用于某型液体火箭发动机中,并通过多次地面热试车考核。According to requirement of the engine system,a solenoid valve which has self-locking function with double station was needed to be developed to ensure that the engine can still work without electricity.As core component the electromagnet is the most important part of the self-locking solenoid valve,which directly affects the reliability of the whole valve.Application of double station self-locking electromagnet in engine is seldom before,there are inadequacies in design and simulation,and guidance are needed to be strengthened.In this paper,the working principle of a double station self-locking electromagnet was described and its magnetic circuit design formula and the method of magnetic field calculation were introduced.The simulation calculation of the self-locking electromagnet was carried out with the finite element analysis software.The experimental test verified the accuracy of the design.The influence of external parameters on the performance characteristics was obtained by conducting magnetic field simulation on the performance characteristics of electromagnets.Increase in armature working gap causes decrease in suction,increase in excitation voltage leads to decrease in response time and increase in trigger current&current reserve coefficient,which can enhance actuation margin.A design method of double station self-locking electromagnet which has engineering significance was obtained.This kind of electromagnet has been used in a liquid rocket engine and examined by thermal test many times.

关 键 词：双工位 自锁电磁铁 电磁阀 电磁仿真 

分 类 号：V431[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]