综合考虑风剪切塔影效应的脉动风速模型  

Pulsating Wind Speed Model Considering Wind Shear and Tower Shadow Effect

作　　者：杨阔 万书亭[1] 康文利[1] YANG Kuo;WAN Shuting;KANG Wenli(School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期63-69,共7页Journal of North China Electric Power University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777075)

摘　　要：风速是影响风机输出功率的重要因素。运用谐波叠加法在Matlab软件中进行仿真建模和分析,建立脉动风作用下的模型,并使用Von Karman目标功率谱对模拟风速谱进行校核,以保证风速时程曲线的准确性。通过分析风机风轮和塔架等特点,阐述了风速和方位角的关系。综合考虑脉动风、风剪切和塔影效应对轮毂风速、平均风速的影响,通过分析风轮扫掠面上各点的风速动态模型,得到模型时空分布特性。结果表明,该模型既考虑自然风的突变性和不确定性,又考虑了风机自身结构特性引起的风速周期性波动,能够理想的反映实际风速,对于模拟风机运行状况具有直接意义。Wind speed is an important factor that can affect the output power of the wind turbine. This paper carried out simulation modeling and analysis in Matlab software by harmonic superposition method, and established a model under the action of pulsating wind. The Von Karman target power spectrum was used to check the simulated wind speed spectrum to ensure the accuracy of the wind speed time history curve. By analyzing the characteristics of wind turbines and towers, the relationship between wind speed and azimuth was discussed. Considering the influence of pulsating wind, wind shear and tower shadow on the wind speed and average wind speed of the hub, this paper analyzed the wind speed dynamic model of each point on the swept surface of the wind wheel to obtain the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the model. The results show that the target model, which takes into consideration both the abruptness and uncertainty of natural wind and the cyclical fluctuation caused by the structural characteristics of the wind turbine, which can ideally reflect the actual wind speed and have direct significance for simulating the operating condition of the wind turbine.

关 键 词：风速模型 风剪切 塔影效应 时空分布特性 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]