1株林下参内生拮抗真菌的鉴定及发酵条件优化  

Identification and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of an Antagonistic Endophytic Fungus from Mountain-cultivated Ginseng

作　　者：周春元[1] 许世泉[1] 闫梅霞[1] 崔丽丽[1] 华霜 王英平[1] ZHOU Chunyuan;XU Shiquan;YAN Meixia;CUI Lili;HUA Shuang;WANG Yingping(Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2020年第2期104-110,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省省级医药健康产业发展专项(20170311053YY);吉林省自然科学基金项目(20170101011JC);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ISAPS);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC1702102)

摘　　要：从健康林下参叶片中分离筛选人参黑斑病内生拮抗真菌,为人参黑斑病生物防治提供优良菌种。采用组织分离培养法筛选人参黑斑病菌内生拮抗真菌,根据形态特征及基于18S rDNA序列的系统发育分析,对拮抗菌株进行了鉴定,通过单因素及正交试验优化该菌株最适培养基及产生抑菌活性物质的发酵条件。结果表明,从健康林下参叶片分离的内生真菌中,获得1株对人参黑斑病菌具有良好拮抗作用的内生菌株FS-01,经鉴定该内生真菌菌株为球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)。该菌株最佳培养基配方与发酵条件:淀粉1.50%、酵母浸粉1.00%、磷酸氢二钾0.05%、硫酸镁0.10%,pH值为7.0,培养温度为30℃,接种量为6.0%,培养时间为5 d。筛选获得的林下参内生真菌Chaetomium globosum FS-01对人参黑斑病菌具有显著的拮抗作用,可开发为人参黑斑病的生防菌株。The antagonistic endophytic fungi were isolated and screened from healthy mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves,to provide good strains for the biological control of ginseng black disease.Tissue isolation method was used to isolate the endophytic fungi.The antagonistic fungi was identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA.The single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were adopted to optimize the liquid fermentation medium and conditions.The results showed that endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves.Among them,strain FS-01 was found to have strong antagonistic activity against Alternaria panax.Strain FS-01 was identified as Chaetomium globosum.The optimal medium was composed of 1.50%starch,1.00%yeast extract powder,0.05%dipotassium phosphate,0.10%magnesium sulfate and the optimal culture conditions were inoculation size of 6.0%and cultivated for 5 d at 30℃with initial pH of 7.0.Strain FS-01 has strong antagonistic activity against Alternaria panax,and could be a biocontrol strain for developing against ginseng black disease.

关 键 词：人参黑斑病 林下参 内生拮抗真菌 鉴定 球毛壳菌 发酵条件优化 

分 类 号：S435.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]