不同成熟度雪茄烟叶晾制过程中生物碱含量的变化  

Changes of Alkaloids Content of Cigar Leaves with Different Maturities during Air-curing

作　　者：张嘉雯 卢绍浩 赵喆[1] 钟秋 张瑞娜 赵铭钦[1] ZHANG Jiawen;LU Shaohao;ZHAO Zhe;ZHONG Qiu;ZHANG Ruina;ZHAO Mingqin(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Deyang Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province,Deyang 618400,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]四川省烟草公司德阳市公司,四川德阳618400

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2020年第2期165-173,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司四川省公司资助项目(SCYC201809)

摘　　要：为探究不同成熟度雪茄烟叶晾制过程中生物碱含量的变化规律,以什烟1号为试验材料,研究晾制期间不同成熟度雪茄烟叶9种生物碱含量的变化,并进行了相关分析。结果表明,晾制期间烟碱、降烟碱、新烟草碱、可替宁含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,麦斯明、2,3′-联吡啶含量呈先下降后上升趋势,假木贼碱、N-甲基假木贼碱含量基本不变。干筋期时,除新烟草碱、麦斯明、N-甲基假木贼碱含量以尚熟处理最低外,其他生物碱含量均以适熟处理最低。随着晾制的进行,各成熟度处理烟碱转化率均呈先升高后下降趋势,整体表现为过熟>尚熟>适熟。相关分析表明,不同成熟度烟叶烟碱、降烟碱、新烟草碱、假木贼碱、N-甲基假木贼碱含量两两之间均呈正相关关系,且适熟处理达到显著水平;新烟草碱含量与麦斯明含量呈负相关但不显著;可替宁含量与新烟草碱、二烯烟碱含量均为正相关,而与N-甲基假木贼碱含量呈负相关但不显著。In order to investigate the changes of alkaloid content of cigar leaves with different maturities during air-curing,taking Shiyan No.1 as the test material,the changes of 9 alkaloids contents of cigar leaves with different maturities were studied,and the correlation analyses were carried out.The results showed that,the contents of nicotine,nornicotine,anatabine and cotinine first increased and then decreased during airing.The myosmine and 2,3′-bipyridine contents decreased first and then increased.The trend of changes in anabasine,N-methylanabasine contents was basically unchanged.In the dry tending stage,the contents of anatabine,myosmine and N-methylanabasine were the lowest in the unripe treatment,and the other alkaloids were the lowest in the ripe treatment.The nicotine conversion rate showed a upward first then downward trend in different maturity treatments during airing,and it showed overripe>unripe>ripe.Correlation analysis showed that the positive correlations were observed between nicotine,nornicotine,anatabine,anabasine and N-methylanabasine in different maturity leaves,and the ripe treatment was significantly correlated.The anatabine content was negatively correlated with myosmine but not significant.Cotinine content had a positive correlation with anatabine and β-nicotyrine contents,but was negatively correlated with N-methylanabasine content and not significant.

关 键 词：雪茄烟叶 成熟度 晾制 生物碱 烟碱转化率 相关性 适熟采收 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]