闭合式无线纳米孔电极检测单个外泌体  

Detection of single exosomes with a closed wireless nanopore electrode

作　　者：崔凌飞 许素文 梁驰 于汝佳 李亮[2] 应佚伦 龙亿涛 Lingfei Cui;Suwen Xu;Chi Liang;Rujia Yu;Liang Li;Yilun Ying;Yitao Long(School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction,Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200438,China;State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学与分子工程学院,上海200237 [2]第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院信号转导实验室,上海200438 [3]南京大学化学化工学院,生命分析国家重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第1期60-66,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21834001,61871183);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(19YF1411200);中国博士后科学基金(2018M640349)资助

摘　　要：单个体电化学通过在限域电化学测量界面上检测单个纳米粒子、单个脂质体、单个细胞等的电化学特性,实现对单个体各向异性的研究.这种高度灵敏的电化学方法能够快速测量并区分纳米级单个体的大小和表面电荷等.目前,已在单颗粒催化、环境监测和细胞分析等领域得到应用.本研究通过使用尺寸可控的石英纳米孔作为模板,将贵金属金沉积在石英纳米孔尖端,以形成用于单个体测量的纳米级电化学限域界面,从而制备具有高灵敏度的闭合式无线纳米孔电极.利用该电极构建了单个体电化学测量体系,实现了单个外泌体的检测,获得了信噪比高达25.1的单个外泌体碰撞信号,电化学测量平均电流幅值为15.1pA,单个信号持续时间为0.4ms,从而实现了单个外泌体与纳米电极间动态相互作用的实时测量.Single entity electrochemistry has been used to detect the intrinsic properties of individual nanoparticles,liposomes and cells at the electrochemical measurement interface.This highly sensitive electrochemical method enables rapid measurement and direct discrimination between nanoparticle size and surface charge.It has been used in the field of single nanoparticle catalysis,environmental monitoring and cell analysis.The sensing interface of nano-/micro-electrode is essential for performing an ultra-sensitive single entity measurement.In this study,a highly sensitive closed-type wireless nanopore electrode(CWNE)was fabricated for single entity electrochemistry.Using a morphologically controllable quartz nanopore as a template,the nanoscale gold metal was deposited as a bipolar nanotip to form a nanoscale electrochemically confined interface for single entity measurements.Here,the nano-scale electrochemical sensing interface was constructed by injecting Au Cl4-into the quartz nanopore and placing BH4-in the outside solution.These two solutions stimulated the Au Cl4-reduction BH4-with at the tip of the quartz nanopore,thereby forming gold nanostructure at the tip of the nanoporeConsidering both the tip configuration of the quartz nanopore and the bipolar electrochemical principle,the applied voltage was dropped mostly on the tip confinement of the CWNE,leading to two polarized terminals at the gold nanotip.The further electrochemical extension of the gold nanotip greatly increased the polarization difference at the ends of the tip.The diameter of quartz nanopore was evaluated in the electrolyte solution by I-V curve,while scanning electron microscopy(SEM)characterization was performed to provide a straightforward characterization under vacuum environment.By using this method,electrochemical measurements could be made at the two terminals of the polarized gold nanotip withoudirectly connecting to the electrode.The fabricated CWNE provides a uniform diameter of sensing interface,controllable morphology,high current a

关 键 词：无线纳米孔电极 纳米孔 纳米电极 电化学空间限域效应 外泌体 单个体电化学 

分 类 号：O657.1[理学—分析化学] TB383.1[理学—化学]