人工智能医疗影像诊断侵权损害赔偿法律问题  

Discussion on the Legal Issues Concerning Compensation for Damage due to a Tort Involving AI Medical Imaging Diagnosis

作　　者：何炼红[1] 王志雄 He Lianhong;Wang Zhixiong

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院

出　　处：《政治与法律》2020年第3期27-37,共11页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能知识产权法律问题研究”(项目编号:17BFX150)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：人工智能医疗影像诊断侵权损害是指临床医生根据人工智能医疗影像辅助诊断结论所实施的医疗行为对患者造成的损害。人工智能与医疗影像技术的融合应用,大大提高了疾病诊断的效率与质量,其诊断错误所引发的侵权损害赔偿问题也不容忽视。人工智能医疗影像诊断模式多样、责任主体多元、损害原因各异、责任份额不同,其引起的侵权责任错综复杂。人工智能医疗影像诊断侵权应定性为多数人侵权中的分别侵权行为。现阶段人工智能医疗影像诊断侵权损害赔偿的判定,应以人工智能医疗影像诊断设备的民事法律关系客体定位为逻辑起点,根据人工智能医疗影像诊断模式、侵权场景、错误发生原因等因素来判定责任主体,综合原因力大小、过错程度等因素来确定赔偿份额,并从“利益平衡”视角对侵权损害赔偿的责任范围进行适当限制,以促进人工智能技术在医疗影像行业的广泛应用和大健康产业的长足发展。The damage due to a tort involving AI medical imaging diagnosis refers to the loss suffered by patients due to medical behaviors performed by clinicians according to the diagnosis conclusion with the aid of AI medical imaging.The integration and application of artificial intelligence and medical imaging technology have greatly improved the efficiency and quality of disease diagnosis,but the problem of compensation for a tort due to the erroneous diagnosis cannot be ignored.The tort liability involving the AI medical imaging diagnosis is complicated because of the variety of modes,diversity of responsible subjects,differences in damage causes and liability shares.The legal nature of a tort involving AI medical imaging diagnosis should be decided as a respectively-committed tort of a tort committed by several tortfeasors.At present,the determination of compensation for damage due to a tort involving AI medical imaging diagnosis should be made by taking the position-setting of the object of the civil legal relationship of AI medical imaging diagnosis equipment as the logic starting point.The responsible subjects should be determined according to the mode of AI medical imaging diagnosis,the tort circumstance,the reasons for error and other factors,the compensation shares should be determined by taking account of causative potency and the degree of fault and other facts,and the scope of liability for compensation for damage due to a tort should be properly limited from the perspective of"balancing interests",so as to promote the extensive application of AI technology in the medical imaging industry and the sustainable development of the big health industry.

关 键 词：人工智能医疗影像 诊断模式 责任主体 原因力规则 限额赔偿 

分 类 号：DF529[政治法律—民商法学]