昭通市农村居民两周患病卫生服务需求与利用现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on health service demand and utilization status of two-weeks sicken among rural residents and its influencing factors in Zhaotong

作　　者：孟金良 何利平[1] 李晓梅[1] 吴騻 母凤婷 MENG Jin-liang;HE Li-ping;LI Xiao-mei;WU Shuang;MU Feng-ting(Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2020年第3期64-69,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目:卫生服务公平性评价及其在云南省的应用研究(81160364)

摘　　要：[目的]了解农村居民卫生服务需求与利用现状,并找出相关的影响因素,为卫生政策的制定提供参考依据。[方法]采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对昭通市3个县(区)共3645户10,584个居民进行入户调查。通过两周就诊率、两周就诊次数、两周患病就诊率了解农村居民两周患病卫生服务需求与利用现况,运用二分类Logistic回归、零膨胀泊松模型等方法进行影响因素分析。[结果]昭通市农村居民两周就诊率为4.72%,两周患病就诊率为73.49%。卫生服务需求受年龄、性别、职业、婚姻状况、人均收入的影响;卫生服务利用的影响因素有性别、职业、文化程度,人均收入。[结论]昭通市农村居民卫生服务需求和卫生服务利用均低于国家农村平均水平。农民卫生服务需求高,但卫生服务利用不足;低收入人群和男性就诊可能性低,就诊时疾病严重程度高。应更加关注男性、农民和低收入人群的卫生服务需求和利用情况。Objective To know health service demand and utilization status of rural residents in Zhaotong,and find out relevant influencing factors so a to provide reference basis for formulating health policy.Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used to selected 10584 residents of total 3645 families in three counties(districts)in Zhaotong.Knew about health service demand and utilization status of rural residents through two-weeks outpatient rate,two-weeks outpatient times and two-weeks sicken,analyzed influence factors by dichotomy logistic regression and zero-inflated poisson model.Results Two-weeks outpatient rate was 4.7%in rural residents of Zhaotong city,two-weeks sicken rate was 73.49%.Health service demand was affected by age,sex,occupation,marital status and per capita income.And the influence factors of health services utilization were sex,occupation,education level and per capita income.Conclusions The level of health service demand and utilization of rural residents in Zhaotong city is lower than the national rural average level.The farmers have higher demand for health services,but the utilization of health service is inadequate.The possibility of treatment in low income group and male is low.The severity of illness is high when these people visit doctor.We should pay more attention to health service demand and utilization status of male,farmers and low income group.

关 键 词：农村居民 卫生服务需求 卫生服务利用 零膨胀泊松模型 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]