油气管道周向励磁漏磁检测技术优势与发展前景  

Advantages and Development Prospects of Circumferential Excitation Flux Leakage Detection Technology for Oil and Gas Pipelines

作　　者：杨辉[1] 王富祥[1] 玄文博[1] 雷铮强[1] 考青鹏 YANG Hui;WANG Fuxiang;XUAN Wenbo;LEI Zhengqiang;KAO Qingpeng(Petrochina Pipeline R&D Center;Petrochina Pipeline Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心 [2]中石油管道有限责任公司

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2020年第3期1-4,共4页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

基　　金：中石油管道有限责任公司科技攻关项目“在役高钢级管道环焊缝风险评估与安全评定技术研究”（2018B-3002-0501）

摘　　要：为了研究周向励磁漏磁检测技术的适用性,基于漏磁检测原理分析了该技术对于检测轴向导向缺陷的潜在优势,以及存在的技术局限性。周向励磁在管壁产生的磁场是非均匀磁场,临近磁极的磁场强度大,远离磁极的磁场强度小,缺陷漏磁通与缺陷距磁极的距离相关,两磁极间仅存在一段有效检测区域,要求传感器探头必须具有很小的间距和较高的测量精度;周向励磁产生的磁力线垂直于管道轴线,信号采集对检测装置的运行速度提出了更高的要求。从励磁方式、磁场分布状态、检测适用性和技术成熟度四个方面对比分析了周向励磁与轴向励磁漏磁检测技术,得出结论:两种检测技术的本质区别在于励磁方式和磁场分布状态的不同,且分别对轴向导向缺陷和环向导向缺陷敏感;轴向励磁漏磁检测技术更成熟且应用更广泛。最后,阐述了周向励磁漏磁检测技术的国内外技术发展与应用现状。In order to study the applicability of circumferential magnetic flux leakage(MFL)inspection technology,the potential advantages and technical limitations for inspecting axial-oriented defects are analyzed based on the principle of MFL inspection.The magnetic field generated by circumferential excitation on the wall of pipeline is non-uniform.The magnetic field near the pole is strong,while the magnetic field far away from the pole is weak,so the defect flux leakage is related to the distance between the defect and the magnetic pole.There is only one effective detection area between the two magnetic poles,so the sensor probe must have a small spacing and a high measuring accuracy.The magnetic field line generated by the circumferential excitation is perpendicular to the axis of pipeline,which puts forward higher requirements for the operation speed of detection device for signal acquisition.The circumferential excitation and axial excitation MFL inspection technology are compared and analyzed from the aspects of excitation mode,magnetic field distribution,applicable defects,and technology maturity.It is concluded that the essential difference between the two technologies lies in the difference of excitation mode and magnetic field distribution,and they are sensitive to axial-oriented and circumferential-oriented defects respectively.Axial excitation detection technology is more mature and widely used.Finally,the development and application of circumferential excitation flux leakage detection technology at home and abroad are described.

关 键 词：油气管道 周向励磁 轴向励磁 漏磁检测 应用现状 

分 类 号：TE973.6[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]