基于压电效应的雨量与雨滴谱检测  

Measurements of Rainfall and Raindrop Size Distribution Based on Piezoelectric Effect

作　　者：朱力强[1] 罗婷 蔺潇 ZHU Liqiang;LUO Ting;LIN Xiao(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing,100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2020年第1期155-162,209,共9页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB1200401)

摘　　要：为了解决雨量及降雨微观特征同步监测的难题,提出基于压电效应的降雨参数感知方法。首先,利用阵列式压电换能器消除传感器的边界效应,准确测量雨滴下落末动量,利用标定响应函数实现雨滴粒径的测量;其次,提出基于电压真有效值信号的雨滴混叠识别方法,实现雨滴数量的估计;最后,综合雨滴粒径和数量获得雨滴谱,通过累加雨滴体积得到降雨量和降雨强度。数学仿真与实物实验表明,本方案可以自动连续测量记录雨滴数量、粒径大小、降雨量和实时降雨强度等信息,能够保证对于大雨、小雨以及降雨微观特征都具有较高的测量精度。In order to solve the problem of simultaneous monitoring of macro and micro characteristics of rainfall,a piezoelectric effect-based rainfall parameter sensing method is proposed.Firstly,to eliminate the boundary effect of the sensor,a piezoelectric array transducer is used to accurately measure the end momentum of falling raindrops.Then the raindrop size is obtained by using the calibrated response function.Secondly,a raindrop aliasing recognition method based on the true effective voltage signal is proposed to calculate the number of raindrops.Finally,raindrop size distribution is obtained by synthesizing the size and quantity of raindrops.Rainfall and intensity are obtained by accumulating the volume of raindrops.Mathematical simulation and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can automatically and continuously measure and record the size and the number of raindrops,rainfall and real-time rainfall intensity with high measurement accuracy for heavy rain,light rain and micro-characteristics of rainfall.

关 键 词：降雨测量 降雨量 雨滴粒径 雨滴谱 压电效应 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]