阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征治疗方法研究进展  

Progress in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

作　　者：朱悦 张娜[1] 叶开婷 肖伟迪 董佳慧[1] 孙耕耘[1] Syndrome ZHU Yue;ZHANG Na;YE Kaiting;XIAO Weidi;DONG Jiahui;SUN Gengyun(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症学科

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2020年第9期1189-1194,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81370170)

摘　　要：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSA)在人群中非常普遍,并且可以发生在任何年龄段。本文综述了OSA的诊治现状以及最新的治疗进展,分别从非手术治疗、手术治疗两部分进行系统阐述。笔者认为通过病因治疗、改善生活方式、减肥、睡眠体位干预等一般性治疗可明显改善轻中度OSA患者的症状。对于中重度OSA患者,持续气道正压通气(CPAP)治疗仍然是金标准。目前新兴的远程医疗技术(TLC)是一种很有前景的医疗模式,可以有效提高CPAP治疗患者的依从性。而对于不能耐受CPAP治疗的患者,可以尝试使用口腔矫正器、药物治疗等。当然,对于存在先天性或后天性解剖结构异常、不能耐受CPAP治疗的重度OSA患者,建议行手术治疗。Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSA)is very common and can occur at any age.This article systematically described the current status of OSA diagnosis and treatment and the latest treatment progress,from non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment,respectively.The authors believe that general treatments,such as etiological treatment,lifestyle improvement,weight loss and sleep position intervention,can significantly improve the symptoms of patients with mild to moderate OSA.For patients with moderate to severe OSA,continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)therapy remains the gold standard.The emerging telemedicine technology(TLC)is a promising medical model that can significantly improve the compliance of CPAP patients.For patients who cannot tolerate CPAP treatment,they can use oral appliance,and drugs.For patients with severe OSA who have congenital or acquired anatomical abnormalities and cannot tolerate CPAP,we recommend surgery.

关 键 词：睡眠呼吸暂停 阻塞性 临床方案 综述 连续气道正压通气 口腔矫正器 药物疗法 外科手术 

分 类 号：R563.8[医药卫生—呼吸系统]