牙鲆“鲆优2号”不同养殖地点生长和存活性状的基因型与环境互作分析  

Genotype by environment interactions for growth and survival traits of “Pingyou No.2” flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus) in different aquaculture environment

作　　者：李仰真[1,2] 杨英明 刘洋[1] 卢昇 吴垚磊[1] 赵玉柱 马腾 程向明 程佳禹[3] 陈松林 LI Yangzhen;YANG Yingming;LIU Yang;LU Sheng;WU Yaolei;ZHAO Yuzhu;MA Teng;CHENG Xiangming;CHENG Jiayu;CHEN Songlin(Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Engineering and Technology Center for Flatfish Aquaculture of Tangshan,Tangshan Weizhuo Aquaculture Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063202,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]唐山市鲆鲽鱼类养殖工程技术研究中心,唐山市维卓水产养殖有限公司,河北唐山063202

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第3期429-435,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2016QZ003);山东省泰山学者攀登计划~~

摘　　要：为比较牙鲆"鲆优2号"在不同养殖地区的生长和存活性能,实验利用连续多代对生长性状和抗迟缓爱德华氏菌病性状遗传参数评估和基因组选择的结果筛选出的亲本,建立28个"鲆优2号"家系,在河北(Site 1)和山东(Site 2)进行对比养殖试验,利用混合线性动物模型对生长和存活性状进行了基因型与环境互作分析。Site 1和Site 2的平均日增重分别为1.5和1.2 g/d,养殖成活率分别为81.4%和82.2%,"鲆优2号"在两个养殖地点的生长和抗病性能均表现优异。不同养殖环境间收获体质量和存活性状的遗传相关分别为0.57(<0.7)和0.82(>0.7),说明不同养殖环境间收获体质量存在显著的基因型与环境互作效应,但是不同养殖环境间存活性状的基因型与环境互作效应不显著。研究表明,牙鲆"鲆优2号"新品种在不同养殖地点的生长和存活性能均表现良好,为保证良好的推广效果,需要对牙鲆的制种方案进一步优化,针对不同的养殖地区进行"鲆优2号"苗种生产,或培育具有普适性的"鲆优2号"苗种,保证在不同养殖环境下的快速生长和高存活率优势。Aiming to improve the growth and survival performance of “Pingyou No. 2” flounder in different aquaculture areas, in this study, broodstocks which were selected based on the results of genetic parameter estimation and genome selection for growth and resistance traits, wre used to produce “Pingyou No. 2” families. In total, 28 families were produced. Then these families were cultured in different sites (Site 1: Hebei;Site 2: Shandong). Genotype by environment interactions for growth and survival traits were estimated based on mixed linear models. The average daily gain was 1.5 g/d and 1.2 g/d in Site 1 and Site 2 respectively, and the survival rate was 81.4% and 82.2% in Site 1 and Site 2 respectively. Both traits showed a superior performance in two sites. The genetic correlations for harvest body weight and survival traits between both environments were 0.57 and 0.82 respectively, indicating that there was a significant genetic by environment interaction effect for harvest body weight, but not for survival. These results suggest that “Pingyou No. 2” flounder showed good growth and resistance performance in different sites. The harvest body weight and survival traits still have certain selective potential. Hence, to ensure a good demonstration and extension results, it is necessary to improve and optimize the seed production techniques (e.g., seeds with good environmental adaptability) for achieving the advantage of fast growth and high survival rate of olive flounder in different aquaculture environments.

关 键 词：牙鲆 “鲆优2号” 生长 存活 遗传参数 基因型与环境互作 

分 类 号：Q785[生物学—分子生物学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]