鞍带石斑鱼(♀)×云纹石斑鱼(♂)杂交后代早期发育及正反交后代生长特性  

Early development of hybrids of Epinephelus lanceolatus(♀) × Epinephelus moara(♂) and growth characteristics of reciprocal crosses

作　　者：李子奇 成美玲 吴玉萍 张晶晶 李振通[1,3] 马文辉 庞尊方 翟介明 田永胜 LI Ziqi;CHENG Meiling;WU Yuping;ZHANG Jingjing;LI Zhentong;MA Wenhui;PANG Zunfang;ZHAI Jieming;TIAN Yongsheng(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266000,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Laizhou Mingbo Aquatic Co.Ltd.,Yantai 261418,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266000 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [4]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [5]莱州明波水产有限公司,山东烟台261418

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第3期436-446,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2019GHY112063);山东省良种工程(2019LZGC020);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(20603022019002,20603022017013);烟台市“双百计划”人才项目~~

摘　　要：以鞍带石斑鱼为母本,云纹石斑鱼为父本,采用人工授精技术进行了种间反交实验,并对反交子代的胚胎发育和仔稚幼鱼的生长情况进行了观察,进而与亲本及正交F1云龙石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)的表型性状进行对比分析。结果显示,反交子代受精卵为圆形、透明、浮性卵,卵径为(0.787±0.013) mm,有1个油球,居卵中央,在水温为24°C、盐度30、pH为7.8的孵化条件下,胚胎可以正常发育,经历受精卵、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、器官形成和出膜6个阶段25个时期完成胚胎发育,初孵仔鱼全长为(1.595±0.015)mm,说明反交的可行性。孵化后3 d,卵黄囊消失,由前期仔鱼发育为后期仔鱼,全长(2.530±0.023) mm。孵化后52 d进入稚鱼期,全长(17.500±1.915) mm,第二背鳍棘长(5.795±0.049) mm,第一腹鳍棘长(2.992±0.911) mm;58 d稚鱼背鳍棘收缩至最小值(4.460±0.600) mm时,鳞片和体色开始出现。孵化后67 d进入幼鱼期,全长(34.500±1.291)mm,第二背鳍棘和第一腹鳍棘完全退化,体型与成鱼相似,全身覆盖鳞片,反交F_1体色不一致,具4种表现型。生长对比结果显示,正反交F_1的发育速率均介于亲本之间,均快于云纹石斑鱼,慢于鞍带石斑鱼,反交F_1生长速率慢于正交F_1。研究结果为石斑鱼杂交优势性状形成及遗传解析提供了一定数据基础。Hybridization is the most widely used and an effective way of artificial breeding in aquaculture.This study using Epinephelus lanceolatus as female parent,E.moara as male parent by artificial insemination technology has conducted the interspecific cross experiment,and developmental sequence of fertilized egg,and growth of larvae,juveniles and young fish were observed and studied,and then with the phenotypic of traits,the parent and the hybrid F1 generation“Yunlong grouper”(E.moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂)were compared.Results showed that the embryo was oval,transparent,floating,the fertilized eggs size(0.787±0.013)mm,each egg has one oil globule in the center.At sea-water temperature of 24°C,salinity 30,pH 7.8,embryos can develop normally,according to the data,six periods including 25 stages of embryos were recorded,which were fertilized egg,cleavage,blastula,gastrula,organogenesis and hatching period.The length of newly hatched larvae(1.595±0.015)mm shows the feasibility of the cross;3 days after hatching,the yolk membranes disappeared and became the late larva,with a total length of(2.530±0.023)mm.52 days after hatching,entering the juvenile stage,the total length(17.500±1.915)mm,the length of the second dorsal fin spine(5.795±0.049)mm,and the length of the first pelvic fin(2.992±0.911)mm.When the dorsal fin spine contracted to the minimum value(4.460±0.600)mm,scales began to appear and body color began to darken.The second dorsal fin spine and the first pelvic fin spine completely degenerated.The body shape was similar to that of the adult fish.The whole body was covered with scales.The growth comparison results showed that the growth rate of the direct and reciprocal cross F1 generation was between those of the parents,which was faster than that of E.moara,and slower than that of E.lanceolatus,and the growth rate of the reciprocal cross F1 generation was slower than that of the direct F1 generation.The results provide a basis for the formation of hybrid heterosis traits and genetic analysis of groupe

关 键 词：鞍带石斑鱼 云纹石斑鱼 云龙石斑鱼 正交 反交 胚胎发育 变态发育 

分 类 号：Q321[生物学—遗传学] S965[农业科学—水产养殖]