γ辐照剂量和预压量对硅泡沫材料性能的影响  

Influence of γ-irradiation and Pre-compression on Mechanical Properties of Silicone Rubber Foams

作　　者：史平安[1,2] 邱勇 万强[1,2] 黄渝鸿 晏顺坪[1,2] SHI Pingan;QIU Yong;WAN Qiang;HUANG Yuhong;YAN Shunping(Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China;Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Minyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999 [2]工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2019年第6期900-906,共7页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U153029,11372295);中国工程物理研究院重点学科“计算固体力学”资助项目

摘　　要：硅橡胶泡沫材料的减震吸能特性与其使用环境和使用状态密切相关,而目前有关辐照环境条件对材料性能的影响研究却很少。鉴此,本研究通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察和力学性能测试,研究了预压量和辐照剂量对硅橡胶泡沫材料性能的影响,并通过辐照前后材料应力-应变曲线中应力平台段宽度和平台应力大小的分析比较,进一步研究了辐照对材料减震吸能特性的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明:辐照剂量为100kGy、预压量低于30%时硅橡胶泡沫材料性能和应力-应变曲线中应力平台段宽度的变化并不明显。而随着辐照剂量的增加,应力平台段的宽度逐渐减小,材料减震性能下降。从材料的宏观性能和微观结构来看,低辐照剂量下硅橡胶泡沫材料辐照损伤中交联效应占据优势,交联密度的增加使得材料硬度和强度的提高以及断裂伸长率的降低。而辐照剂量超过500kGy后,泡沫材料辐照损伤中降解效应占据优势,进而导致材料硬度和强度的降低以及断裂伸长率的提高。该研究为辐照前后材料性能评估提供了理论依据和手段。Shock absorption characteristics of silicone rubber foam is related to application environment and state.However,few studies have focused on the effect ofγ-irradiation environment on shock absorption and energy absorption characteristics.Thus,the influence of irradiation dose and pre-compression on the mechanical property and energy absorption characteristics of the silicone rubber foams was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and mechanical property test.Based on the analysis for the width and size of the stress platform region in stress-strain curve,the effect ofγ-irradiation on mechanical performance and shock absorption characteristics was further researched.It is found that the change of the mechanical property and the width of the stress platform region are not obvious when dose is 100 kGy and pre-compression is lower than 30%.The width of the stress platform region of the stress-strain curve decreases gradually and the shock absorption performance of the material reduces with the increasing of radiation dose.Radiation-induced cross-linking reaction is predominant slightly when radiation is relatively low.The increase of cross-linking density leads to the increase in hardness and tensile strength and the decrease in elongation at break.However,radiation-induced degradation reaction is predominant when irradiation dose exceeds 500 kGy,which causes the decrease of cross-linking density,glass transition temperature,hardness,tensile strength and causes the increase of elongation at break.The research provide theoretical background and of performance evaluation methods.

关 键 词：硅橡胶泡沫 Γ射线辐照 预压量 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ333.93[化学工程—橡胶工业]