开关变换器及其控制环路的建模综述  

A Review on Modeling of Switching Converters and Their Control Loops

作　　者：周国华[1] 冷敏瑞 李媛[1] 田庆新 邓伦博 ZHOU Guohua;LENG Minrui;LI Yuan;TIAN Qingxin;DENG Lunbo(Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle,Ministry of Education(Southwest Jiaotong University),Chengdu 611756,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]磁浮技术与磁浮列车教育部重点实验室(西南交通大学)

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2020年第1期183-199,共17页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61771405,61371033);四川省青年科技创新研究团队(2019JDTD0003);西南交通大学博士创新基金(D-CX201918)~~

摘　　要：对开关变换器及其控制环路的建模方法进行归纳与总结。将开关变换器的建模方法分为连续建模和离散建模,或基于电路分析的建模和基于数学推导的建模。在此基础上,结合控制环路的建模,将开关变换器及其控制环路的建模方法分为平均建模、离散建模和考虑边频的建模3大类。根据此分类,系统分析平均法、离散时间法、采样数据法、描述函数法、多谐波小信号法以及谐波状态空间法的原理和特点,揭示各种建模方法的区别与联系,以及优缺点和适用性。以应用最为广泛的平均法为例,首先采用时间平均等效电路建模方法,得到基本开关变换器的等效电路模型,推导用于频域特性分析的8个完整的功率级传递函数。其次,针对电流型控制的平均小信号模型无法揭示次谐波振荡,以及传统采样保持系数无法适用于不同平均小信号模型的问题,提出通用的采样保持系数。最后,给出综述结论并进行研究展望。Modeling methods of switching converters and their control loops were summarized and concluded.Meanwhile,classifications for modeling methods of switching converters were given:continuous modeling and discrete modeling;modeling methods based on circuit analysis and modeling methods based on mathematical derivation.According to these classifications,modeling methods of switching converters and their control loops can be combined and further classified as:average modeling,discrete modeling and modeling methods considering sideband effects.On the basis of this classification,principles and characteristics of average method,discrete time method,sampled-data method,describing function method,multiharmonic small signal method and harmonic state space method were analyzed systematically.The differences and relations of various modeling methods were revealed,as well as their merits and demerits were compared which illustrated the applicability of various modeling methods.Taking the most widely used average method as an example,firstly,the equivalent circuit model of basic switching converter was obtained based on time average equivalent circuit modeling,and eight complete transfer functions of power stage were deduced.Moreover,the general gain of sample and hold effect was proposed to figure out that average model ignored the subharmonic oscillation and the traditional gain cannot be used in different average small signal model.Finally,review conclusions and research prospects were presented.

关 键 词：开关变换器 控制环路 建模方法 平均建模 离散建模 电流型控制 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]