荒漠土壤成分对陆面过程的影响  

Effects of Desert Soil Composition on Land Surface Processes

作　　者：李火青 金莉莉 买买提艾力·买买提依明 赵佳伟 LI Huo-qing;JIN Li-li;ALI Mamtimin;ZHAO Jia-wei(Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830013,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所 [2]新疆师范大学

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2020年第1期18-25,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41801019,41875023,41675011);新疆高层次人才引进(2016);中亚大气科学基金项目(CAAS201811)资助

摘　　要：采集塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘肖塘观测站附近的土壤,应用Mastersizer-2000激光粒度仪测定土壤粒径,按照伍登-温德华粒级标准进行土壤成分分类,发现土壤类型并非均质沙土,在0~30 cm深度的浅层存在10%~24%的黏土,根据土壤成分比例对Noah陆面模式的土壤参数重计算,然后利用肖塘站2011年3月22日至7月25日的观测数据驱动Noah模式,对比修正土壤参数前后的模拟效果。结果表明:更新土壤参数后10 cm土壤温度模拟偏差减少0. 62℃,土壤热通量偏差减小10. 47 W·m^-2,感热通量偏差减少7. 02 W·m^-2,地表净辐射偏差减少5. 48W·m^-2,且效率系数达到更高的接受程度。通过泰勒图分析了土壤参数修正对Noah模拟效果的整体作用,表明修正土壤参数后的模式中热量传输扩散有一定的优化作用,10 cm土壤温度和热通量土壤温度模拟效果得到改进。In this study,the values of soil composition at Xiaotang Observation Station in the northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert were measured by Mastersizer-2000 Laser Particle Sizer and analyzed. Soil composition was classified according to the Wooden-Wendward Particle Size Standard. It was found that the soil was not the homogeneous sandy soil,and there was 10%-24% clay in the shallow soil layer at 0-30-cm depth. The soil parameters in the Noah Land Surface Model were recalculated according to the proportions of soil compositions. The data observed at Xiaotang Station from March 22 to July 25,2011 were used to drive the Noah model,and the simulated results before and after amending the soil parameters were compared. The results showed that,after updating the soil parameters,the simulation effect of soil temperature was improved,the deviations of soil temperature,soil heat flux,sensible heat flux and surface net radiation were reduced by 0. 62 ℃,10. 47 W·m^-2,7. 02 W·m^-2 and 5. 48 W·m^-2 respectively,and the efficiency coefficient was more acceptable. The overall effect of soil parameter modification for the Noah simulation was analyzed by Taylor diagram. The results showed that the heat transfer and diffusion in the modified soil parameter model could be improved to a certain extent,and the simulation effect of soil temperature could be improved obviously.

关 键 词：荒漠 土壤成分 陆面过程 Noah模式 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：S155.55[农业科学—土壤学]