南北盘江流域土壤侵蚀时空动态变化及影响因素分析  

Analysis on spatial-temporal variation of soil loss and its driving factors in North-south Pan River watershed

作　　者：刘璐璐 曹巍[2] 贺添[3] 吴丹[4] 江华 LIU Lulu;CAO Wei;HE Tian;WU Dan;JIANG Hua(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Chengdu University,610106,Chengdu,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,100101,Beijing,China;School of Water Conservancy&Environment,Zhengzhou University,450001,Zhengzhou,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Environmental Protection,210042,Nanjing,China;Changshou Surveying and Planning Institute of Chongqing,401220,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学建筑与土木工程学院,成都610106 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101 [3]郑州大学水利与环境学院,郑州450001 [4]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [5]重庆市长寿勘测规划院,重庆401220

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2019年第6期69-77,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“多类型保护地国家公园建设生态保护与优化综合管理技术研究”(2017YFC0506404);国家自然科学基金“黄土坡面细沟形态与土壤再分布空间特征的耦合机制研究”(41977069)

摘　　要：南北盘江流域是珠江流域水土流失严重的地区之一。为了解该区土壤侵蚀状况,对后续水土保持建设提供科学支撑和理论基础,采用修正的通用土壤流失方程(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation,RUSLE),分析了2000-2010年该区土壤侵蚀时空分异特征,同时对其驱动因子进行探讨。结果表明:2000-2010年南北盘江流域多年平均土壤侵蚀模数为14.6 t/(hm2·a),年土壤侵蚀量约为1.18亿t。10年间,土壤侵蚀模数以-0.87 t/(hm2·a·a)的年变化量呈波动下降态势,局部区域出现上升趋势;土壤侵蚀强度下降的区域主要集中在流域北部、西南部以及东南部,侵蚀强度上升区域主要集中在流域东部以及南部。植被覆盖度的上升,侵蚀性降雨时间和降雨量的大幅减少,均有利于防治土壤侵蚀的形成。[Background]North-south Pan Rivers are the main rivers in the upper reaches of the Pearl River,and the watershed is one of the areas with the most serious soil and water loss in the Pearl River Basin.Analysis on spatial and temporal dynamics of soil erosion in this watershed may provide scientific support and theoretical basis for soil and water conservation construction and will benefit regional sustainable development.[Methods]Based on multi-source remote sensing data,meteorological data,ecosystem types data,soil properties data,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and Digital Elevation Model(DEM)data,the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)was used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of soil erosion in North-south Pan River watershed from 2000 to 2010.To improve the accuracy of simulation results,parameters in the RUSLE model were amended according to local environment and achievements of previous researches.Meanwhile,the driving factors of soil erosion change were discussed from the perspectives of precipitation and vegetation coverage.[Results]Average soil erosion modulus in North-south Pan River watershed was 14.6 t/(hm2·a)during 2000-2010,and annual soil erosion amount was about 118×106 t/a.In the period from 2000 to 2010,soil erosion modulus decreased with the annual variation of-0.87 t/(hm2·a·a),and the area of unapparent soil erosion increased apparently by 1076 km2 each year,while local area still showed a certain increasing trend on soil erosion,which accounted for about 22.8%of the total area.The areas with decreasing soil erosion mainly concentrated in the northern,southwestern and southeastern part of the watershed,and areas with increasing soil erosion mainly concentrated in the eastern and the southern part of the watershed.The change of soil erosion in the North-south Pan River watershed was mainly caused by joint effect of ecological engineering and climate change.The increase of vegetation coverage benefitting from the implementation of ecological engineering in thi

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 RUSLE 植被覆盖度 降雨侵蚀力 南北盘江流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]