嫦娥四号着陆器在轨实践总结与评估  

Flight results of Chang’E-4 lander summary and evaluation

作　　者：孙泽洲[1] 张熇[1] 吴学英[1] 李飞[1] 杨眉[1] 程铭[2] 许映乔[1] 张有为[1] SUN ZeZhou;ZHANG He;WU Xue Ying;LI Fei;YANG Mei;CHENG Ming;XU YingQiao;ZHANG YouWei(Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]北京控制工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2019年第12期1397-1407,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

摘　　要：嫦娥四号着陆器于2019年1月3日着陆月球背面,实现了人类首次月球背面软着陆.与着陆月球正面的任务相比,嫦娥四号着陆区选择在月球背面南极-艾特肯盆地内,地形崎岖,无法直接与地球通信,嫦娥四号着陆器飞行控制过程需对月球背面复杂地形环境和中继通信带来的约束进行针对性设计.实际在轨飞行结果表明,飞行和月面工作正常,实现了预期的精确变轨,在稳定的中继链路支持下完成了动力下降并开展月面工作,月夜温度采集器和有效载荷均在轨开机并持续获取探测数据.本文利用着陆前后的遥测数据,对接近月面过程中的发动机羽流与月面的相互作用效果、着陆缓冲情况进行了评估,并与嫦娥三号相关数据进行了对比.嫦娥四号着陆器的在轨数据挖掘与分析,可用于进一步完善地面仿真分析模型,优化设计,为月球背面环境的科学研究提供工程技术基础.The Chang’E-4 lander landed on January 3, 2019, achieving the first lunar soft landing and cruise exploration by humans on the far side of the Moon. Compared with landing missions on the near side of the Moon, the Chang’E-4 landing site is in the South Pole–Aitken Basin on the far side, where the terrain is more rugged. Direct communication with Earth from the far side of the Moon is impossible, and relay support is necessary. Therefore, the complex terrain and relative constraints of relay communication represent important considerations for the design of the Chang’E-4 flight control process. The flight results of the Chang’E-4 show that the flight procedure performed perfectly. High-precision orbit control, a soft landing, and lunar surface work with support from the stable relay communication link were all realized. Presently, the payload and Moon night temperature acquisition equipment are powered for acquiring continuous on-orbit science exportation data. The interaction effect between the engine plume and lunar surface during the approach process, and an evaluation of the landing cushion range are estimated in this paper through analysis of the telemetry data.The mining and analysis of the on-orbit data from the Chang’E-4 lander can be used to optimize the simulation and analysis models and lay a solid technical foundation for research on the Moon’s far-side environment.

关 键 词：嫦娥四号着陆器 飞行结果 遥测数据 环境评估 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]