沉积物微生物燃料电池中的微生物电子传递过程  

Microbial electron transfer processes in sediment microbial fuel cells

作　　者：章恒 许玫英[2,3,4] 罗建中 朱春节[2] 杨永刚[2,3] ZHANG Heng;XU MeiYing;LUO JianZhong;ZHU ChunJie;YANG YongGang(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Institute of Microbiology,Guangzhou 510070,China;State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China,Guangzhou 510070,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application,Guangzhou 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]广东省微生物研究所,广州510070 [3]华南应用微生物国家重点实验室,广州510070 [4]广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室,广州510070

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2019年第12期1461-1472,共12页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31570111,91851202);广东省科技计划项目(编号:2016A030306021,2016B070701017);广州市珠江科技新星专项(编号:201610010090);广东省渔港建设和渔业产业发展专项(编号:A201601D01);广东省科学院项目(编号:2017GDASCX-0403,2018GDASCX-0914)资助

摘　　要：沉积物燃料电池(sediment microbial fuel cell,SMFC)可以将沉积物中的化学能直接转化为可用的电能,同时加速沉积物中污染物的去除.近20年来,SMFC引起了越来越多的不同学科研究者的关注,国内外已有多例成功的实际应用的报道.由于能源和环境发展在我国的战略地位,我国学者发表SMFC相关的论文数量已超越美国成为世界最多的国家.在SMFC中,电极表面微生物的能量和物质代谢网络是实现其产电和降解功能的关键,但目前尚缺乏对SMFC中微生物过程的系统总结和分析.本文以电极表面微生物电子传递过程为核心,依次对SMFC中的阳极电子供体、微生物群落、功能基因、阴极电子受体和微生物群落等方面进行综述,并对SMFC进一步在实际环境和科学研究中的应用进行了展望和讨论,以期从微生物学的角度为SMFCs的发展和应用提供参考.Sediment microbial fuel cells(SMFCs)can convert sedimentary chemical energy into electricity and stimulate contaminant removal simultaneously.In the past two decades,SMFCs have attracted increasing attention in various disciplines,and several successful pilot tests of SMFCs in practical environments have been reported.Driven by concerns about energy and the environment,researchers from China have reported the most SMFC-related studies in recent years.Microbial energy and substrate metabolism play a key role in determining the power generation and contaminant degradation in SMFCs.However,the reported microbial electron transfer processes in SMFCs have not been well summarized or analyzed.Therefore,this review focuses on the microbial electron transfer networks on the electrode surfaces of SMFCs.The electron donors,microbial communities and functional genes near the anodes,and the electron acceptors and microbial communities on the cathodes are summarized and discussed.We also propose a prospect of SMFCs with an aim of providing helpful information and opinions for better development and application of SMFCs in the near future.

关 键 词：沉积物微生物燃料电池 沉积物 微生物代谢网络 胞外电子传递 

分 类 号：TM911.45[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]