2011～2016年深圳地区L-波段电离层幅度闪烁统计分析  

A statistical study on L-band ionospheric amplitude scintillation in Shenzhen during 2011-2016

作　　者：张敏 张东和[1] 郝永强[1] 肖佐[1] ZHANG Min;ZHANG DongHe;HAO YongQiang;XIAO Zuo(School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2019年第12期1570-1582,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:41674157)资助项目

摘　　要：利用2011~2016年共6年的子午工程深圳电离层闪烁监测仪的电离层幅度闪烁观测数据,对深圳地区不同强度的电离层幅度闪烁的地方时、季节、太阳活动、方位角分布以及闪烁接收机台站附近的常规GPS台站载波信号失锁现象进行了统计研究,发现不同强度的幅度闪烁的地方时分布存在差异,强幅度闪烁与载波信号失锁的地方时分布一致,比中等以下幅度闪烁早发生1 h左右.具体结果如下:深圳地区电离层幅度闪烁主要发生在地方时19时至2时之间,不同强度的幅度闪烁发生率随地方时的变化稍有不同,弱闪烁发生的峰值时刻在21~22时左右,地方时分布比较对称,但中等和强闪烁发生的峰值时刻要早,一般在20~21时左右,且闪烁发生率随地方时的衰减速度明显大于弱闪烁的情况;此外,利用香港地区的GPS常规测量数据提取的同时间段的L1, L2信号的失锁数据,发现在地方时分布上电离层强幅度闪烁发生率与信号的失锁发生次数分布类似,两者具有很好的时间相关性,幅度闪烁强度越强其与失锁的相关性越好.在电离层幅度闪烁的季节变化上,深圳电离层闪烁的季节变化与以往针对该地区的研究结果类似,闪烁主要发生在两分季附近,冬季、夏季闪烁很少发生,在季节分布上符合东亚-太平洋经度扇区的电离层闪烁的季节分布特点,且存在着明显的日-日变化.在太阳活动周变化方面,电离层幅度闪烁发生率具有太阳活动依赖性.从2011年开始,闪烁发生率逐年增加,到了2014年春季达到峰值,随后闪烁发生率快速减少, 2016年闪烁很少发生,这一变化与太阳黑子数有很好的正相关,在只考虑两分季月份(3, 4, 9和10月)的前提下,闪烁发生率与太阳黑子数的相关系数可达0.6以上.此外,在闪烁发生率的强度分布上,除2014年,不同强度的幅度闪烁发生率满足:弱闪烁发生率>中等强度闪烁发生率>强闪烁发�Based on ionospheric amplitude scintillation observation data from the Shenzhen Ionospheric Scintillation Monitor from 2011 to2016, the local time, seasonal solar activity, and spatial distribution of amplitude scintillation of various strength levels and its effect on GPS observation(manifestation in loss of lock of L1 and L2 signals) are studied. The results show that ionospheric amplitude scintillation in Shenzhen mainly occurred after sunset until midnight(19:00–02:00 LT) and the scintillation occurrence for various S4 intervals(weak, moderate, and strong scintillation) exhibited negligible differences. The peak time of weak scintillation occurrence was about 21:00–22:00 LT, and its distribution to local time seems symmetrical. However, the peak time of moderate and strong scintillation occurrence was around 20:00–21:00 LT and its distribution to local time was asymmetrical. In addition, the loss of lock of GPS L1 and L2 signals derived from GPS observations at the HKSL GPS station near Shenzhen were also used for comparison with the ionospheric amplitude scintillation. It was found that the local time variation of the loss of lock was very similar to the occurrence of strong ionospheric scintillation. Stronger intensities of amplitude scintillation showed better correlation between amplitude scintillation and loss of lock. The seasonal variation of Shenzhen ionospheric scintillation was similar to that in previous studies in this area. In other words, the scintillation mainly occurred in the equinox months and rarely occurred in the winter and summer months, which coincides with the seasonal distribution characteristics in the Asia–Pacific sector. In solar cycle variation, ionospheric amplitude scintillation is dependent on solar activity. From 2011, the scintillation occurrence increased gradually and reached a peak in the spring of 2014. It then dropped quickly until 2016, when scintillation rarely occurred. This variation shows a good positive correlation with the sunspot number. Considering the s

关 键 词：电离层幅度闪烁 R-T不稳定性 失锁 太阳活动 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]