一种具有双通道恒定泄气量功能的无创正压通气面罩研制及应用效果评价  

Development and efficiency of a noninvasive positive pressure ventilation via face mask with 2 channels and constant leakage

作　　者：黄桃[1] 王华 徐钦[3] HUANG Tao;WANG Hua;XU Qin(Department of Critical Care Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400016;Biomedical Engineering College,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400016;Department of Geriatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院重症医学科,重庆400016 [2]生物医学工程学院,重庆400016 [3]重庆医科大学附属第二医院老年科,重庆400010

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2020年第4期421-426,共6页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2019MSXM002)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨一种具有双通道恒定泄气量功能(two channels and constant leakage,TCCL)的无创正压通气(noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,NPPV)面罩研制及应用效果。方法完成TCCL面罩的发明设计、三维构建和产品制造。利用24例健康人进行NPPV试验,根据不同的NPPV面罩类型,按随机数字表法分为2组:研究组采用TCCL面罩;对照组采用普通型NPPV面罩。标准化实验条件下,呼气气道正压(expiratory positive airway pressure,EPAP)为5、10 cmH2O时,监测两组面罩内呼气末二氧化碳分压(pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide,PetCO2)变化;测试呼吸机吸入气体氧气浓度(FiO2)分别为30%、50%,且吸气气道正压(inspiratory positive airway pressure,IPAP)分别为10、20 cmH2O时,监测面罩内FiO2变化。结果标准化试验条件下,相同EPAP水平(5 cmH2O或10 cmH2O)时,研究组面罩内PetCO2均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);相同FiO2水平(FiO2为30%或50%)及IPAP为10、20 cmH2O时,两组组内及组间面罩内FiO2比较差异均无统计学意义。结论TCCL面罩对面罩内CO2的清除效果优于普通型NPPV面罩且不影响吸入气体O2浓度。ObjectiveTo explore the preparation and efficiency of a positive pressure ventilation(NPPV)via face mask with 2 channels and constant leakage function(TCCL).MethodsThe NPPV-TCCL via face mask was invented,designed,three-dimensionally constructed and manufactured by our team.Twenty-four healthy individuals were recruited and randomly divided into the test group and the control group to wear our produced NPPV-TCCL via face mask and conventional NPPV via face mask,respectively.Under standard experimental conditions with expiratory positive airway pressure(EPAP)of 5 and 10 cmH2O,the pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide(PetCO2)was monitored in the mask.The inspired oxygen fraction(FiO2)was monitored in the mask when the FiO2 parameters of the ventilator were set to 30%and 50%,and inspiratory positive airway pressure(IPAP)was 10 and 20 cmH2O respectively.ResultsUnder standard experimental conditions and at the same level of EPAP(5 or 10 cmH2O),the PetCO2 in the mask was significantly lower in the test group than the control group(all P<0.05).At the same level of FiO2(30%or 50%)and IPAP=10 or 20cmH2O,there was no significant difference in FiO2 between the 2 groups(P>0.05).ConclusionNPPV-TCCL via face mask is superior to conventional NPPV mask in eliminating CO2 and having no effect on FiO2.

关 键 词：无创正压通气面罩 双通道 恒定泄气量 呼气末二氧化碳分压 二氧化碳重复呼吸 

分 类 号：R197.39[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R605.973[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]