不同类型社会退缩幼儿的初始沙盘特征分析  

Analysis on Initial Sandplay Characteristics of Different Types of Social Withdrawal Children

作　　者：李洁[1,2] 程新颖[1] 施春阳 高岚 申荷永 董圣鸿 LI Jie;CHENG Xin-ying;SHI Chun-yang;GAO Lan;SHEN He-yong;DONG Sheng-hong(School of Psychology,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Center of Mental Health Education and Research,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Yucheng Kindergarten,Whampoa District,Guangzhou 510700,China;School of Psychology,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognitive Science,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院,南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学心理健康教育研究中心,南昌330022 [3]广州市黄埔区玉城幼儿园,广州510700 [4]华南师范大学心理学院,广州510631 [5]江西省心理与认知科学重点实验室,南昌330022

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2020年第1期206-211,216,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十三五”规划2017年度课题（17ZD010）的成果

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同类型社会退缩幼儿的初始沙盘特征。方法:对筛选出的47名害羞退缩型幼儿、35名主动退缩型幼儿、20名被动退缩型幼儿以及45名普通幼儿的初始沙盘进行分析。结果:害羞退缩型幼儿人物沙具使用少,家庭场景数少,空洞、分裂、陷入主题的呈现和变化、对话、其他主题的缺失对评估害羞退缩型幼儿有重要的意义。主动退缩型幼儿多选择深入持久接触沙,人物沙具和桥的使用少,战斗场景少,创伤主题最少,空洞、陷入主题的呈现和残缺、攻击、变化、对话、其他主题的缺失对评估主动退缩型幼儿有重要的意义。被动退缩型幼儿创造过程动态多见,多呈现战斗场景沙盘,武器沙具使用多,人物沙具和生活用品类沙具的使用少,创伤主题最多,空洞、陷入主题的呈现和变化、规则、对话、其他主题的缺失对评估被动退缩型幼儿有重要的意义。结论:不同类型社会退缩幼儿在初始沙盘中有特征性表现,初始沙盘在幼儿社会退缩类型分型评估中具有特殊作用。Objective:To explore the role of initial sandplay in the evaluation of children's social withdrawal types.Methods:A sample of 47 shy withdrawal,35 active withdrawal,20 passive withdrawal and 45 common children was participated in the collection of the initial sandplay.Results:Compared to the common children,shy withdrawal children used less miniatures of human figures,less number of family scenes,empty,split,the presentation and change of the subject,dialogue,the lack of other subjects,and active withdrawal children chose deep and lasting contact with sand,the use of miniatures of human figures and bridges less,the number of fighting scenes less,the least traumatic theme,empty,trapped in the theme of the presentation and incomplete,attack,change,dialogue,the lack of other themes.The dynamic of creation process of passive withdrawal children was often seen and showed combat scenes,the more use of miniatures of weapon,the less use of human figures and daily necessities,traumatic theme is most,empty,caught in the theme of the presentation and change,rules,dialogue,the lack of other themes.Con elusion:Different types of social withdrawal children in the initial sandplay have distinct performance characteristics,which may be helpful for assessing the types of social withdrawal in young children.

关 键 词：沙盘游戏 初始沙盘 社会退缩类型 幼儿 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]