盲重构频域阵列信号的压缩感知水声目标方位估计  

Direction of arrival estimation for underwater acoustic target based on compressed sensing after blind reconstruction of array signal in frequency domain

作　　者：康春玉 李文哲[1] 夏志军 李军 李昆鹏 严韶光 KANG Chunyu;LI Wcnzhe;XIA Zhijun;Li Jun;LI Kunpeng;YAN Shaoguang(Department of Underwater Weaponry and Chemical Denfense,DaLian Navy Academy,Dalian 116018;Department of Graduate Student,DaLian Nauy Academy,Dalian 116018)

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院水武与防化系,大连116018 [2]海军大连舰艇学院研究生大队,大连116018

出　　处：《声学学报》2019年第6期951-960,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61471378)资助

摘　　要：针对复杂海洋环境条件下压缩感知水声目标方位估计性能下降的问题,利用盲源分离能够提高信噪比的优势,提出了一种盲重构频域阵列信号的压缩感知水声目标方位估计方法。首先将阵元域信号通过傅里叶变换方法得到多个子带阵列信号;然后对各个子带阵列信号进行复数域盲源分离得到子带解混矩阵和子带分离信号估计,并对子带分离信号进行属性分析和处理;再根据处理后的子带分离信号和子带解混矩阵重构子带阵列信号,对重构的子带阵列信号采用频域压缩感知方法进行空间谱估计,得到各个子带的空间谱;最后将各子带得到的空间谱进行求和,搜索求和后空间谱的峰值则可实现目标方位估计。模拟器数据和海上实测数据验证结果表明,同等条件下该方法的目标检测能力优于经典的最小方差无失真响应(Minimum Variance Distortionless Response,MVDR)方法、频域压缩感知(Compressed Sensing,CS)方法、盲源分离(Blind Source Separation,BSS)与MVDR相结合的方法(BSS+MVDR方法),测向精度更高,明显提高了弱目标信号的空间谱能量,增强了声呐检测弱目标的能力。The performance of Direction Of Arrival(DOA)estimation based on Compressed Sensing(CS)decreases in the complex ocean marine environment.In order to tackle this problem,a method of DOA estimation for underwater acoustic target based on CS after blind reconstruction of array signal in frequency domain is proposed.Firstly,the received array data are transformed to frequency domain by Fourier transform and frequency domain wideband signal are divided into part overlapping multiple sub-band array signal.Secondly,each sub-band array signal are separated using plural Blind Source Separation(BSS)method,the sub-band separated matrix and target signal can be estimated.Thirdly,the array signal in frequency domain are reconstructed according to the separated matrix and separated signals which were not noises.Fourthly,the sub-band spatial spectrum corresponding to the reconstructed array signal are got by CS beamforming method.Finally,the total spatial spectrum can be got by summing the all sub-band spatial spectrum.And the target direction can be estimated by searching the peak value of the total spatial spectrum.The verification results of simulator data and sea measured data show that,under the same conditions,the target detection ability and direction precision of the proposed method is superior to the classical Minimum Variance Distortionless Response(RIVDR)method,frequency domain CS method,BSS combined with MVDR method.The spatial spectrum energy of faint target signal is improved obviously,and the ability of the sonar to detect faint target is enhanced.

关 键 词：阵列信号 盲源分离 压缩感知 目标方位估计 空间谱 最小方差无失真响应 目标检测 矩阵重构 

分 类 号：P733.2[天文地球—物理海洋学] TB566[天文地球—海洋科学]