不同产地六种药食同源药材中重金属及农药残留的测定  

Determination of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residues in Six Medicinal and Edible Herbs from Different Cultivation Regions

作　　者：吴诗惠[1] 杨军[1] 朱宁[1] 王剑波 WU Shihui(Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省中医药科学院

出　　处：《四川中医》2020年第1期66-69,共4页Journal of Sichuan of Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的:对不同地域的6种药食同源药材中重金属及农药残留进行测定,为药材的安全性评价和监管及相应措施的实施提供科学依据。方法:参照《中国药典》2015年版中检测方法,运用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法对药材中重金属铅、砷、镉、汞、铜残留进行含量测定,运用气相色谱法对药材中有机氯农药残留进行检测,并与《中国药典》2015年版、《GB 2762-2012食品中污染物限量》、《WM/T 2-2004药用植物及制剂外经贸绿色行业标准》及《GB 2763-2014食品中农药最大残留限量》等法典或标准中重金属及农药残留限量对比,评价不同地域的污染状况及药材品质。结果:根据重金属及农药残留检测方法测得不同地域的6种药食同源药材均未超出《中国药典》2015年版中规定的重金属及农药残留的限度,但其中样品6、9的砷含量均大于1.0mg·kg^-1,样品5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12的镉含量均大于0.5mg·kg^-1,均超出《GB 2762-2012食品中污染物限量标准》中的污染物限量。结论:我国镉和砷污染状况仍然严峻,全面禁止有机氯农药的使用初显成效,药食同源药材的监测力度有待提升。Objective:Heavy metals and pesticide residues in six kinds of medicinal and edible herbs from different regions were determined to provide the scientific methods and data for the evaluation and supervision of the implementation of safety measures and the corresponding herbs. Methods:Based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition detection methods, microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to measure the heavy metals about Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Copper residue levels, gas chromatography were used to detecte organochlorine pesticide residues, and contrast with the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition, GB 2762~2005 Contaminants in Foods, WM/T 2~2004 Medicinal Plants and Preparation of Foreign Trade Green Industry Standard and GB 2763~2005 maximum residue limits for pesticides in food, such the Codex standard or heavy metals and pesticide residues, to evaluate the quality and pollution situation of herbs from different regions. Results:The results indicated that six medicinal and edible herbs from different regions did not exceed the requirements limits of heavy metals and pesticide residues in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 Edition. But the Arsenic content of sample 6 and 9 were more than 1.0 mg·kg-1, the Cadmium content of sample 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 were more than 0.5 mg·kg-1, which exceed the GB 2762~2005 Limits of Contaminants in Food Contaminant Limits. Conclusion:The situation of cadmium and arsenic pollution in China is still grim, the use of organochlorine pesticides is decreasing, the superviseing on food and medicine homologous herbs should be improved.

关 键 词：不同地域 药食同源 药材 重金属 农药残留 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]