释“隐官”  

Interpreting “Yinguan”

作　　者：苏家寅 Su Jiayin

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院、民族学院

出　　处：《史学月刊》2020年第2期5-15,共11页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“秦、汉简牍所涉民族史料的搜集、整理与研究”（18CMZ006）;西南大学2017年度中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金创新团队项目“中国传统文化与经济及社会变迁研究”（SWU1709112）;中国国家留学基金资助

摘　　要：传世历史文献中见有"隐宫"一词,而秦及汉初的简牍文书中则有"隐官"一语,早有论者指出两者所言乃同一事物。由传世文献结合出土文献及其他考古资料可知,"隐宫"乃"隐官"之误。"隐官"本身既为机关名,亦为"处隐官"者的通称。凡受肉刑而获赦免、平反或私属得放免者,皆入"隐官"。"隐官"本身为贱民。"隐官"之得名乃指其身体受损情形而言。"Yingong"("隐宫")and"Yinguan"("隐官")as proper nouns could be found in ancient historical documents and bamboo slips related to the Qin and early Han dynasties.Some research has properly demonstrated that both of them were used to refer to the same group of people by ancient governments.In the light of two sorts of relevant literature mentioned above and some recent archaeological findings,this paper argues that:first,"Yingong"originated from a clerical error in the spelling of"Yinguan";second,"Yinguan"was not only the name of a specialized bureau,but also the name of workers serving in this institution;third,all of these ex-prisoners sentenced to corporal punishments and disabled ex-salvers released by their owners would be governed by"Yinguan";fourth,members of"Yinguan"were pariahs;and fifth,the word Yin("隐")was used to emphasize the injured physical condition of these people.

关 键 词：隐宫 隐官 贱民 简牍 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]