昆明市城区居民居住环境与两周患病率关系研究  

Association between residential environment and two-week prevalence rate of urban residents in Kunming

作　　者：狄娟[1] 段智泉[1] 韩瑞萍[2] 苏晓梅[2] 陈皓 杨建斌[1] DI Juan;DUAN Zhi-quan;HAN Rui-ping;SU Xiao-mei;CHEN Hao;YANG Jian-bin(Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650022,China;Kunming City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650022 [2]昆明市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2019年第6期509-513,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解居住环境与城区居民两周患病率的关系,为改善居民健康状况提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取昆明城区常住居民作为调查对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括居民居住环境和两周内患病情况,采用描述流行病学分析方法进行分析,并对两周患病率相关因素进行单、多因素分析。结果 2016年共对2194名昆明市城区居民进行调查,男性和女性分别占48.36%和51.64%,平均年龄为(41.3±20.3)岁,15~64岁1 666人(占75.93%),≥65岁265人(占12.08%)。初中及以下文化程度1 096人(占49.95%),人均年收入10 000~59 999元1 134人(占51.69%),非吸烟者1 762人(占80.31%)。总体两周患病率为128.53‰,心血管系统两周患病率最高(67.00‰,147/2 194),按疾病分,高血压两周患病率最高(60.16‰,132/2 194)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,控制了性别、年龄、是否患有慢性病等因素后,人均居住面积≥20m^2(OR=0.630)和经常开窗通风(OR=0.346)的居民两周患病的发生风险较低,住宅50 m范围内有交通干道(OR=1.552)、使用跟空气污染有关化学品(OR=1.922)、有慢性病现病史的居民两周内患病(OR=83.809)的风险较高。结论居民居住环境与两周患病率有密切关联,应多方面采取措施改善居住环境,提高居民健康水平。Objective To explore the association between residential environment and two-week prevalence rate of urban residents,so as to provide basis for improving the health status of residents.Method sPermanent residents living in Kunming were selected by using stratified cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey. The survey contents included the residential environment and illness in the past two weeks. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the effect of residential environment factors on two-week prevalence.Results A total of 2 194 residents in Kunming were investigated in 2016,with an average age of(41.3 ± 20.3)years. Of the participants,48.36% were males and 51.64% were females;1 666(75.93%)aged 15 to 64 years and 265(12.08%)aged ≥65 years;1 096(49.95%)had education level at the junior middle school or below,1 134(51.69%)had the average annual income of 10 000 to 59 999 Yuan,and 1 762(80.31%)were non-smokers. The total two-week prevalence rate was 128.53‰,the two-week prevalence rate of cardiovascular system was highest(67.00 ‰,147/2 194),and the two-week prevalence rate of hypertension was highest by classification of diseases(60.16 ‰,132/2 194). The unconditional logistic regression analysis showed residents with per capita living space ≥ 20 m^2(OR=0.630)and opening windows frequently for ventilation(OR=0.346)had lower risk of two-week prevalence,while those with traffic artery within the range of 50 meters of their houses(OR=1.552),applying chemicals related to air pollution(OR=1.922),and with a history of chronic disease had higher risk for developing disease within two weeks after adjusting gender,age and chronic disease.Conclusion sResidential environment was associated with the two-week prevalence rate. Measures should be taken to improve the living environment for the health of residents.

关 键 词：居民 居住环境 两周患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]