制图理论与形容词谓语句的自足性  

The cartographic approach and the completeness of sentences with adjective predicates

作　　者：熊仲儒 杨舟 Xiong Zhongru;Yang Zhou

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言学系,100083 [2]安徽师范大学文学院,241003

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2020年第1期82-93,共12页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：北京市社科基金项目(19YYB014)的资助

摘　　要：完句跟完句范畴相关,该范畴的完句特征由有语音或有句法体现的功能核心为之定值。英语时制范畴有屈折特征,可满足完句的需要,也使得谓性范畴必须实现为系词;汉语时制范畴没有屈折特征,这使得谓性范畴不必强制性实现。汉语缺乏某个功能范畴的强制性实现,会表现出句子的不自足效应,但可以通过任何一个论元层以上的功能范畴的实现来补救。"很"没必要分析为系词,也没有必要跟时制范畴关联。作为量度范畴的语音形式,"很"可以为完句范畴的特征定值,并达成完句。The so-called incompleteness effects are related to the functional category Compl(eteness). The feature [completeness] can be valued by any functional heads with a phonological or syntactic realization. Pr must be realized as a copular in English, for its T has inflectional features which must be affixed to some verbal element. Hence, the sentence with an adjective predicate will be complete in English. In Chinese, Pr must not be realized obligatorily, for its T has no inflectional features. Hence, Chinese sentence shows incompleteness effects always, but it can be rescued by the realization of one of the functional categories above the argument structure layer. Hen should not be analyzed as a copular, or a reference of tense. As a Deg, it can also complete the sentence, for it can value the feature of the Compl.

关 键 词：形容词谓语句 不自足效应 制图理论 语音实现 句法体现 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]