济南保护地连作番茄根围土壤线虫群落生态特征  

Ecological Characteristics of Tomato Rhizosphere Soil Nematode in Jinan Plastic-film Shed Field

作　　者：张露源 王振华 吴海燕[1] ZHANG Luyuan;WANG Zhenhua;WU Haiyan(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety,Nanning,Guangxi 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院广西农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第1期82-89,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队资助项目(nycytxgxcxtd-10-04);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460464)

摘　　要：该研究对山东省济南市不同种植年限保护地土壤线虫群落进行调查,结果表明:共捕获土壤线虫86171条,隶属于15科30属,其中优势属为头叶属和原杆属,食细菌类线虫占73.00%~97.74%,c-p2类线虫比例最大。Shannon-winner指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D)、Pielou指数(J)、Margalef丰富度指数(SR)和密度-类群指数(DG)较低,保护地土壤受干扰程度高。瓦斯乐斯卡指标(WI)、自由生活线虫成熟指数(MI)6~10年逐渐下降,植物寄生线虫成熟指数(PPI)和PPI/MI值1~10年变化无规律,5年以后受干扰程度增强。保护地土壤以细菌分解为主,土壤营养丰富,食物网结构相对稳定。分析表明土壤全N、全P、全K含量与根结线虫数量无显著相关性(P>0.05),但根结线虫数量和N、P、K施用量有周期性的变化约为3年。土壤线虫多种指数的综合分析可以作为保护地土壤环境评价的重要指标。The nematodes in greenhouse soil of different years in Jinan city,Shandong Province were investigated in this study.The results showed that a total of 86171 soil nematode individuals were captured,and fell into 15 families,30 genera.The dominant genera were Cephalobus and Protorhabditis.Bacterivores were dominant trophic group accounting for 73.00%-97.74%and c-p2 nematodes were the most in number.Shannon-Winner index(H′),Simpson index(D),Pielou index(J),Margalef index(SR)and density-group index(DG)were low,which showed that the disturbance degree by people were greater;Wasleska index(WI)and maturity index of free living nematodes(MI)gradually decreased during 6-10 years,plant parasite index(PPI)and PPI/MI value changes irregularly during 1-10 years,so the disturbance intensity became higher and higher after 5 years.Community structure of soil nematodes changed little with different years and soil organic matters were mainly decomposed by bacteria.Relevance and significance of variance analysis indicated that there was no significant correlation between total N,total P,total K content and numbers of nematode(P>0.05).The number of root-knot nematodes,total N,total P and total K presented a periodic change about 3 years.Therefore,the multi-index of soil nematode as an important indicator of environmental assessment for greenhouse soil could be used.

关 键 词：种植年限 保护地 线虫群落 指数 

分 类 号：S436.412.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]