绢蒿荒漠放牧草地丛枝菌根真菌数量特征的时空变化  

Temporal and spatial variation of quantitative characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Seriphidium-dominated desert grassland under different grazing intensities

作　　者：李娜娜 鲁为华[1] 陈乙实 孙海荣[1] 靳省飞 车昭碧 LI Na-na;LU Wei-hua;CHEN Yi-shi;SUN Hai-rong;JIN Sheng-fei;CHE Zhao-bi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第1期164-171,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560659)资助

摘　　要：以绢蒿荒漠草地的优势种绢蒿、羊茅(针茅)、苔草为研究材料,探究其根际AM真菌和根系侵染率及季节性动态变化对放牧的响应。结果表明:随放牧压力的增大,AM真菌孢子密度、物种丰富度和根系侵染率显著降低(P<0.05),多样性指数在过度放牧的条件下显著(P<0.05)降低;在同一放牧条件下,0~10 cm土壤层的孢子密度、物种丰富度和根系侵染率均显著(P<0.05)高于10~20 cm和20~30 cm土壤层,多样性指数随土壤深度的增大差异性不显著(P>0.05);不同的宿主植物对AM真菌的依赖性不同,即侵染率高低依次为绢蒿>羊茅>苔草;AM真菌孢子密度、物种丰富度和植物根系侵染率随季节的变化表现出一定的变化规律,三者均呈现"双峰"现象,在6月和9月分别达到峰值,与绢蒿荒漠草地植被的生长节律几乎同步;温度对AM真菌孢子密度、丰富度和侵染率的影响不显著,但降雨量对植物根系的侵染率有极显著(P<0.01)的影响,随降雨量的增加侵染率极显著升高。We evaluated the response of rhizosphere AM fungi,root infection rate and seasonal dynamics to grazing. Three dominant plant species(Seriphidium transiliense,Stipa capillata,Festuca ovina,Carex liparocarpos) in the Seriphidium-dominated desert grassland were selected as the research materials. The results showed that the spore density and species richness of AM fungi and root colonization rate of plants decreased significantly with increasing grazing intensity(P<0.05),and diversity index decreased significantly under overgrazing(P<0.05). The spore density,species richness and root colonization rate in the 0-10 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in the 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers(P<0.05) under the same grazing intensity. The diversity index showed no significant change with increasing soil depth(P>0.05).Meanwhile,different host plants had different dependence on AM fungi,and the colonization rate was in order of S. transiliense>F. ovina>C. liparocarpos. The spore density,species richness,root colonization rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi had a seasonal variation. All three characters showed a "double peak"phenomenon,reaching the peak in June and September,which were almost synchronized with the growth rhythm of vegetation. Temperature had no significant effect on the spore density,richness and colonization rate of AM fungi,while rainfall had a significantly positive effect on the colonization rate(P<0.01).

关 键 词：绢蒿荒漠草地 AM真菌 根系侵染 放牧压力 动态变化 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]