单级电磁感应线圈发射器温升研究  

Study on temperature rise of electromagnetic coil launcher

作　　者：熊敏[1] 张亚东[1] 龚宇佳 张虎 Xiong Min;Zhang Yadong;Gong Yujia;Zhang Hu(School of Electrical and Automation Chemistry,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,武汉430074

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2020年第3期114-121,共8页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51977152);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2019CFB430)

摘　　要：同步感应式线圈型电磁发射器主要采用脉冲电流对线圈直接供电,其实际工作过程中电枢和线圈会产生温升,这是当前制约线圈发射器向小型化、高速发展的一个主要因素。本文通过建立电磁线圈的温升模型,对于单次触发的情况,分别利用Comsol和自编程序Coilgun进行计算,并搭建相应的试验平台进行验证。采用直接耦合方式的Comsol计算结果最为准确,也能考虑材料参数随温度的变化。仿真得到电枢的温升大约为4.2℃,线圈最大温升为7.7℃。由于热电偶温度传感器的测量延迟性与采样频率的限制,电枢温度试验曲线未能测量到仿真曲线中出现的温度最大值点,可记录到整个试验过程中温度变化曲线,其变化形势以及最终稳定的温度与仿真的基本一致,误差最大为6.1%,说明了仿真的准确性。为后续进行多级线圈连续发射奠定基础。Synchronous induction coil launcher mainly uses pulse current to supply power directly to the coil.The temperature rise of armature and coil will occur in the actual working process, and it is a major factor restricting the development of coil launcher to miniaturization and high speed. In this paper, the temperature rise model of electromagnetic coil is established. For single trigger, Comsol and self-programmed Coilgun are used to calculate, and the corresponding test platform is built to verify the temperature rise. The Comsol method with direct coupling is the most accurate method, and the change of material parameters with temperature can also be considered. The simulation results show that the temperature rise of armature is about 4.2 ℃ and the maximum temperature rise of coil is 7.7 ℃.Because of the limitation of measurement delay and sampling frequency of thermocouple temperature sensor, the armature temperature test curve can not measure the maximum temperature point in the simulation curve, it can record the temperature change curve in the whole test process. The change of temperature and the final stable temperature are basically consistent with that of the simulation. The maximum error is 6.1%, which shows the accuracy of the simulation. This study lays a foundation for subsequent multi-stage coil continuous launching.

关 键 词：电磁线圈 温升计算 温升试验 实时测温 

分 类 号：TM15[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]