准噶尔盆地南缘呼图壁背斜变形机理物理模拟实验  

Deformation Mechanism of Hutubi Anticline in the Southern Margin of Junggar Basin:Insights From Physical Simulation Experiment

作　　者：张希晨 马德龙 魏凌云[3] 王宏斌 王彦君[1,2] 刘文强 杨秀磊[1,2] ZHANG Xichen;MA Delong;WEI Lingyun;WANG Hongbin;WANG Yanjun;LIU Wenqiang;YANG Xiulei(PetroChina,Key Laboratory of Reservoir Description,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;PetroChina,Northwest Branch,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;Geophysics Institute,Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油油藏描述重点实验室,兰州730020 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,兰州730020 [3]中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院地球物理研究所,乌鲁木齐830013

出　　处：《新疆石油地质》2020年第1期120-126,共7页Xinjiang Petroleum Geology

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地南缘褶皱—冲断带具有多期叠加变形的特点,呼图壁背斜位于逆冲前缘,虽然距离天山较远,在剖面上却发育双层构造形态:深层为二叠系断陷—古隆起结构,浅层为侏罗系及上覆层断背斜构造,两者垂向叠置。为了明确呼图壁浅层背斜形成主控因素以及深层和浅层垂向叠置的变形机理,在明确构造样式和变形规律的基础上,设计5组模型,采用控制变量和对比分析的方法进行物理模拟实验研究。结果表明,大断陷—古隆起模型控制下的实验结果与地震剖面形态相似,断陷边缘古隆起作为主控因素,诱使上覆层优先变形发育背斜,证明呼图壁背斜深层和浅层构造具有时空耦合关系。浅层背斜的发育形态还受到下伏断陷规模、上覆层厚度和同构造沉积作用的联合控制。通过物理模拟实验揭示垂向叠置构造关联和变形机理科学有效,为指导准噶尔盆地南缘前陆地区的勘探生产提供更多依据。The fold⁃thrust belts in the southern margin of Junggar basin are characterized by multi⁃stage superimposition and deformation.The Hutubi anticline located in the front of the thrust is far away from the Tianshan Mountains and shows a double⁃layer structure,among which the deep layer is a Permian fault⁃depression-paleohigh and the shallow layer is a fault anticline of Jurassic with its overlying strata.To investigate the main controls on the shallow anticline formation and the vertical deformation mechanism of the Hutubi anticline,5 groups of models are designed to perform physical simulation study by using control variable and comparative analysis methods on the basis of the identification of structural style and deformation laws.The study results show that the experimental result of the fault⁃depression-pa⁃leohigh model is similar to the seismic interpretation result.As the main controlling factor,the paleohigh in the fault⁃depression margin in⁃duced the overlying strata to deform into anticlines,which can prove the time⁃space coupling relations between the deep layer and shallow layer in the Hutubi anticline.The shape of the shallow anticline is also controlled by the combination of the scale of the underlying fault⁃de⁃pression,the thickness of the overlying strata and the syntectonic sedimentation.It is a scientific and effective method to reveal the correla⁃tion and deformation mechanism of vertical superimposed structures by using physical simulation experiments,which could provide more basis for petroleum exploration and production in the foreland area of the southern margin of Junggar basin.

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地 呼图壁背斜 变形机理 物理模拟 先存断陷 古隆起 上覆层厚度 同构造沉积 控制因素 

分 类 号：P542.2[天文地球—构造地质学]