我国危化品承压设备防灾减灾技术进展  

Progresses in Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Technology for Pressure Equipment of Hazardous Chemicals in China

作　　者：范志超 陈学东 董杰 艾志斌 FAN Zhichao;CHEN Xuedong;DONG Jie;AI Zhibin(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.(National Engineering Technical Research Center on Pressure Vessels and Piping Safety),Hefei,230031)

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院有限公司(国家压力容器与管道安全工程技术研究中心)

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2020年第2期237-245,共9页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK03B02,2012BAK32G01,2011BAK06B02);安徽省科技计划资助项目(2009010997);中石化科技开发项目(309034)

摘　　要：灾害环境下如何确保危化品承压设备“不漏不爆”,灾害发生后如何对设备受损情况进行快速甄别评价,是工程界急需解决的技术难题。介绍了近年来我国在高耸塔式容器风振响应分析、风振疲劳寿命预测和抗振优化设计技术,海底油气管道大尺度悬跨和偏移安全性评价技术,火灾过烧压力容器的损伤快速检测诊断技术等方面的研究进展,并结合当前工业物联网、大数据、人工智能技术的发展趋势,针对今后危化品承压设备防灾减灾技术的研究提出了建议。How to ensure that the pressure equipment of hazardous chemicals“no leak,no explosion”in the disaster environment,and how to quickly identify and evaluate the damage of the equipment after the disaster occured,are the technical problems that need to be solved urgently in engineering field.Herein,the research progresses including the wind vibration response analysis,fatigue life prediction and structure optimization technology of tall tower vessels,safety evaluation technology of large scale suspension and offset of submarine oil and gas pipeline,and rapid detection and diagnosis technology of pressure vessel damage due to fire overburning in recent years in China were introduced.Finally,in combination with current development trend of industrial Internet of Things,big data and artificial intelligence,suggestions for research of disaster prevention and mitigation technology for pressure equipment of hazardous materials in the future were proposed.

关 键 词：危化品 压力容器 压力管道 台风 浪流 火灾 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]