亚临床酮病对泌乳早期奶牛繁殖性能和血液生化指标的影响  

Effect of Subclinical Ketosis on Reproductive Performance and Blood Clinical Pathology of Dairy Cows During Early Lactation

作　　者：张锋 白云龙[1] 宋玉锡 孙书函 夏成[1] 徐闯[1] 张洪友[1] ZHANG Feng;BAI Yunlong;Song Yuxi;SUN Shuhan;XIA Cheng;XU Chuang;ZHANG Hongyou(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2020年第1期290-295,共6页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江垦区奶牛主要繁殖障碍疾病的综合防治关键技术研究与示范(2018GXjb1427);畜禽群发普通病防控技术研究(2017YFD0502200);标准化养殖产业扶贫示范项目(ZY17C080);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772804);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新项目(YJSCX2019-Y38)

摘　　要：试验旨在探究围产期亚临床酮病与泌乳早期奶牛繁殖性能、卵泡发育之间的关系,并检测试验牛血液生化指标的变化。试验在黑龙江某大型集约化牛场开展,根据产后血酮水平确定亚临床酮病组(SCK)和健康组(C)奶牛共60头,根据试验牛产后50 d内发情状况,将SCK组再分为发情组(SCKE,16头)和乏情组(SCKA,14头),C组也同样分为发情组(CE,25头)和乏情组(CA,5头)。所有试验牛在产后50 d通过直肠检查和B超检查了解子宫复旧及卵泡发育状况,记录繁殖性能数据,并进行血液生化指标分析。结果表明:与健康组发情奶牛相比,亚临床酮病发情奶牛产后首次发情日期推迟约10 d(P<0.05);产后50 d卵泡直径差异极显著(差值约4 mm)(P<0.01)。亚临床酮病乏情奶牛子宫复旧延迟发生率显著高于健康组发情奶牛(P<0.05);亚临床酮病奶牛血浆中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量显著低于健康奶牛(P<0.05),而泌乳量极显著提高(P<0.01)。与发情奶牛相比,乏情奶牛血浆中甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05);葡萄糖(Glu)、胰岛素(Ins)、雌二醇(E 2)、孕酮(P 4)含量显著或极显著降低(P<0.05;P<0.01)。综合以上试验结果,奶牛患亚临床酮病而导致能量代谢指标异常是引起奶牛乏情、产后卵泡发育受阻和繁殖障碍的主要因素,进而导致奶牛繁殖力下降。The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between perinatal subclinical ketosis,reproductive performance and follicular development in early lactation,and to detect changes in blood biochemical of the dairy cows.60 cows from a large intensive dairy farm in Heilongjiang province were assigned to subclinical ketosis group(SCK)and control health group(C)according to ketone bodies levels postpartum.According to the estrus condition within 50 d in milk,16 cows and 14 cows of the SCK group was further divided into the estrus group(SCKE)and the anestrus group(SCKA),respectively.The cows in group C was also divided into estrus group(CE,25 cows)and anestrus group(CA,5 cows).All groups of cows were tracked to record reproductive performance data and follicular development status at 50 d postpartum by rectal examination and B-ultrasound.Results showed that the first estrus days of SCKE cows were 10 d longer than the CE cows(P<0.05),and the difference of diameter of follicles was more than 4 mm(P<0.01).The incidence of uterine incompleteness in SCKA group was significantly higher than that in CE group(P<0.05).The plasma insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)level was significantly decreased(P<0.05)and the milk yield was extremely significantly increased in SCK group(P<0.01).Compared with estrus cows,the content of triglyceride(TG)in plasma of anestrus cows was increased significantly(P<0.05);The contents of glucose(Glu),insulin(Ins),estradiol(E 2)and progesterone(P 4)decreased significantly or extremely significantly(P<0.05;P<0.01).In conclusion,abnormal energy metabolism and reproductive hormone in cows with subclinical ketosis are the risk factor for reproductive and follicles development disorder postpartum in dairy cows,which will lead to poor fertility in dairy cows.

关 键 词：亚临床酮病 奶牛 乏情 繁殖性能 卵泡发育 

分 类 号：S852.35[农业科学—基础兽医学]