1960-2017年雅安市麻风病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Ya’an,1960-2017

作　　者：李文 袁萍 王显贵[2] 杨雅康[2] LI Wen;YUAN Ping;WANG Xian-gui;YANG Ya-kang(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院),四川成都610041 [2]雅安市疾病预防控制中心,四川雅安625000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第5期784-787,806,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析1960-2017年雅安市麻风病的流行情况,以便为当地的麻风病防治提供依据。方法资料来源于雅安市历年麻风病病理检验登记本、麻风病防治工作年报表、1960-2017年国家麻风病网报系统(LEPMIS)雅安市上报的数据并按照《麻风病防治手册》及《全国消除麻风病危害规划实施工作指南》(2012年版)中有关指标进行统计分析。结果1960-2017年雅安市累计发现麻风病病人896例,其中男性648例(72.32%),女性248例(27.68%),男女性别比为2.61∶1;截止2017年12月31日累计治愈存活者有263人(29.35%);平均发现率最高为1960-1964年,为4.89/10万;最低2015-2017年,平均发现率为0.17/10万;平均患病率最高为1965-1969年,为40.61/10万;最低为2015-2017年,平均患病率为0.43/10万;各区县中石棉县平均发现率最高18.19/10万(227例),最低为名山区0.27/10万(7例);二级畸残165例(18.42%),一级畸残190例(21.21%);LL(瘤型麻风)最多,324人(36.16%),BT(界线类偏结核样型麻风)最少,14人(1.56%);治疗分型以MB(多菌型)(86.05%)病人最多。结论1960-2017年雅安市麻风病发现率与患病率明显下降,目前处于低流行状态,且流行模式以散发为主,但需保持对麻风病疫情的警惕性,努力落实消除麻风病危害规划。Objective To analyze the prevalence of leprosy in Ya'an from 1960 to 2017 so as to provide a basis for local leprosy control.Methods The data were obtained from the logistic examination records of leprosy in Ya'an City,the annual report on the prevention and treatment of leprosy,and the data reported by Ya'an City in the 1960-2017 National Leprosy Network System(LEPMIS)and in accordance with the Leprosy Control Manual and Statistical analysis of relevant indicators in the National Guidelines for the Implementation of the Elimination of Leprosy Hazard Planning(2012 edition).Results A total of 896 leprosy patients were found in Ya'an City from 1960 to 2017,including 648 males(72.32%)and 248 females(27.68%).The male-female ratio was 2.61:1.There were 263 survivors(29.35%)cumulatively cured as of December 31,2017.The highest rate of discovery was 1960-1964,which was 4.89/100,000.While the lowest was 2015-2017,the average rate was 0.17/100,000.The average prevalence rate was 1965-1969,it was 40.61/100,000,and the lowest was 2015-2017,with the average prevalence rate was 0.43/100,000.The average discovery rate of Shimian County in each district was 18.19/100,000(227 cases),and the lowest was 0.27/100,000(7 cases)in the famous mountainous area.There were 165 cases of secondary malformation(18.42%),190 cases of first-order disability(21.21%).LL(tumor type leprosy)was the most 324(36.16%),BT(border line type tuberculosis)Type leprosy was at least 14(1.56%),the most treatment type was MB(poly bacteria)(86.05%)patients.Conclusion The incidence and prevalence of leprosy in Ya'an City decrease significantly from 1960 to 2017.It is currently in a low prevalence state,and the epidemic model is mainly distributed.However,it is necessary to maintain vigilance against the leprosy epidemic and strive to implement the plan to eliminate leprosy.

关 键 词：麻风病 低流行 流行病分析 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]