茂县及岷江上游地区在古蜀文明形成中的重要作用与地位  

The Important Role and Status that Mao County and the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River had Played in the Formation of Ancient Shu Civilization

作　　者：朱乃诚[1] ZHU Nai-cheng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所

出　　处：《四川文物》2020年第1期68-76,共9页Sichuan Cultural Relics

摘　　要："古蜀文明"即"三星堆文明",形成的时间大致在公元前1600年~前1500年之间。三星堆文明形成时期的代表性文明因素主要有3种:一是以三星堆城址城墙为代表的本土文明因素,二是以具有二里头文化特征的文化遗存为代表的中原文明因素,三是以具有齐家文化特征的文化遗存为代表的甘青地区文明因素。后二者是通过早在公元前3500年前后就已经形成的岷江上游地区的文化通道,由陇西南进入成都平原地区,并促使成都平原本土文化发生巨变,产生了三星堆文明,开始了古蜀文明的历程。三星堆文明的形成过程反映了岷江上游地区在古蜀文明的形成这一重大历史事件中,发挥了无可替代的桥梁作用。The Ancient Shu Civilization is Sanxingdui Civilization.It was the discovery of two large sacrificial pits and rich cultural remains in 1986 that firstly aroused people’s attention to the Sanxingdui civilization.However,to explore the formation of Sanxingdui civilization,these two large sacrificial pits cannot be taken as main study object,as they were formed after Sanxingdui civilization had developed for hundreds of years.Instead,the civilization factors of early stage should be focused.There are three representative factors in the formation period of Sanxingdui civilization.The first is the local cultural elements represented by the city wall of Sanxingdui site,which had been used from Period II to Period IV.The second is cultural element of Central Plain represented by the remains with Erlitou culture characteristics,such as the ya zhang unearthed at Yanjiayuanzi,the turquoise-inlaid bronze plaque and the jade shovel changed from ya zhang unearthed in Gaopian village,the jade zhang changed from ya zhang unearthed from the No.2 sacrificial pit in Sanxingdui,the turquoise-inlaid bronze plaque unearthed at Cangbaobao site,the spiral jade ware unearthed in Rensheng village tomb,as well as the ya zhang and jade qi unearthed at Jinsha site,etc.The third is the cultural factors in Gan-Qing region represented by the remains with characteristics of Qijia culture,such as the jade cong and bi unearthed at Yanjiayuanzi,and jade cong unearthed at Jinsha site.These three civilization factors are the earliest high-level cultural remains of Sanxingdui civilization known so far.According to the phenomenon of the earliest construction of city wall,these high-level cultural relics appeared at Sanxingdui site roughly at period II.While according to the date of the earliest Erlitou cultural remains in Sanxingdui site,these high-level cultural remains firstly appeared at Sanxingdui roughly from 1600 BC to 1500 BC.Among them,the last two cultural remains entered the Chengdu Plain from Southwest Gansu through the cultural channel

关 键 词：古蜀文明 三星堆 金沙 二里头文化 齐家文化 岷江上游 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]