Forest Transition and Its Driving Forces in the Qian-Gui Karst Mountainous Areas  

黔桂岩溶山区森林转型特征及其驱动力分析（英文）

作　　者：ZHAO Yuluan REN Hongyu LI Xiubin 赵宇鸾;任红玉;李秀彬(贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101)

机构地区：[1]School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China [2]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2020年第1期59-68,共10页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771115);The National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2015CB452706);The Guizhou “Thousand” Level Innovative Talents Support Project in 2015(111-0317003)

摘　　要：This study investigates the spatial differences and the factors influencing those differences as they affect forest transitions in the Qian-Gui Karst Mountain areas to provide references for policy makers,and ideas for ecological environmental protection strategies and adaptive management strategies for forest restoration projects in mountain areas.Forest transition characteristics are determined in relationship to spatial and functional transitions.SPSS and a geographical detector are used to analyze the forces driving forest transitions in terms of natural environmental and socio-economic factors.The results were as follows:(1)The area of forestland in the Qian-Gui Karst Mountain areas increased by 673.5 km^2 during 1990-2015,and a U-shaped curve generally describes the tendency of this change.More precisely,forest land area decreased initially and increased later,with the turning point occurring in the year 2000.This suggests that the Qian-Gui Karst Mountain areas are being maintained at a later stage of forest transition,and this means they are experiencing a net increase in forest land area.The average annual rainfall and temperature,distance to the nearest river and nearest rural residential area,amplitude of topographical relief,and slope contributed the most to forest spatial transitions.(2)During the study period,the tendency for forest coverage to change varied considerably in different parts of the study area,and the greatest increase occurred in the area of very high forest coverage,an area of 154173.71 km^2.The ranking of other forest coverages tended to decrease during the past 25 years.The vegetation ecosystem,in general,is being maintained in the process of restoration,and changes in the ranking of forest coverage were high in the northern part of the study area and low in the southern part.Forest spatial transitions were affected by the interaction between natural environmental and socio-economic factors,and the average annual temperature and rainfall,elevation,and lighting intensity at night wer为了深入研究黔桂岩溶山区森林转型的空间分异特征及其影响因素,为山区森林恢复措施调整、生态环境保护及政策制定提供参考。本文从空间形态和功能形态两方面测度了森林转型特征,并采用SPSS和地理探测器等技术手段,从自然环境因子、社会经济环境因子2个方面分析了森林转型的驱动因素。研究结果如下:(1)1990–2015年,黔桂岩溶山区林地面积增加了673.5 km^2,总体上呈现U型曲线变化特征,即林地面积变化呈现“先减少再增加”的趋势,转折时点为2000年,黔桂岩溶山区正处于森林转型的后一个阶段——林地面积净增加的阶段。年均降水量、年均温度、到最近河流的距离、到最近农村居民点的距离、地形起伏度和坡度等6个影响因素对森林空间形态转型的贡献率最大。(2)研究时段内,研究区植被覆盖度等级变化趋势差异较大,其中极高覆盖度增幅最为明显,面积为154173.71 km^2。其他植被覆盖度等级在25年间均呈减少趋势,植被生态总体处于恢复过程中,其等级变化在空间分布上整体表现为北高南低的特征。森林功能形态转型受自然和社会经济因素相互作用的影响,年均温度、夜间灯光亮度、海拔和年均降水量是森林功能转型最重要的控制因素。从森林在空间形态和功能形态上的转变趋势来看,未来生态建设应从促进森林面积空间扩张为主向提升森林质量的内涵建设为主转型。

关 键 词：Qian-Gui Karst areas forest transition logistic regression analysis geographical detector 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]