Is GIAHS an Effective Instrument to Promote Agrosystem Conservation? A Rural Community’s Perceptions  

全球重要农业文化遗产是否是保护传统农业系统的有效工具——社区认知视角的研究（英文）

作　　者：HE Siyuan LI Heyao MIN Qingwen 何思源;李禾尧;闵庆文(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院大学,北京100049)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2020年第1期77-86,共10页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2017YFC0506404);Xinghua Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau(Evaluation of the economic,ecological and cultural values of the Xinghua Duotian agrosystem)

摘　　要：The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System(GIAHS)has been established by FAO to protect valuable agricultural systems that are rich in biodiversity and home to indigenous knowledge,technology and cultural values.GIAHS has been accepted by many countries as a tool to maintain traditional agrosystems as“living heritage”.This paper examined the Xinghua Duotian agrosystem in eastern China to explore whether the GIAHS programme is an effective instrument for top-down implementation of conservation policies initiated by the government.An intensive social survey using a questionnaire was conducted in the core conservation area to examine farmers’understanding of the agrosystem and their willingness to conserve it.Statistical analyses including factor analysis,a linear model,a logit model and an optimal scale model were used to reveal farmers’perception of GIAHS and the factors that impact their willingness to conserve.Results show that the agrosystem faces challenges of aging and population loss.Farmers were not very familiar with GIAHS.They did not link GIAHS to the agrosystem because they generally understood GIAHS as a title meant to bring economic benefits,although they also thought the agrosystem had non-economic values worth conserving.Because farmers were not sure about the economic outcomes of the GIAHS programme,they thought the government,not them,should take the main role in conservation.Therefore,GIAHS as a tool to encourage farmers to become active in conservation does not seem very effective.It will not become so until it truly facilitates the transformation of non-economic values to economic values in the agrosystem.We suggested that the concepts of GIAHS should be matched to farmers’perceptions to provide farmers with conservation incentives.联合国粮农组织提出“全球重要农业文化遗产”(Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System,GIAHS)项目来保护重要农业遗产以及有关的景观、生物多样性、知识和文化保护体系。许多国家将这一项目作为维持传统农业系统活态性的政策工具。本研究以浙江兴化垛田全球重要农业文化遗产为案例地,研究这种自上而下政府主导的保护实践是否能够有效推动保护政策实施。研究采用社会调查,在遗产核心区以问卷形式来了解农民对农业系统的理解及其相应的保护意愿。研究发现垛田农业系统作为重要农业文化遗产,仍然面临着人口老化与农业人口外流问题。农民对“全球重要农业文化遗产”概念并不熟悉,很少将其与所依赖的农业系统相联系。他们认为前者是一种能够带来经济收入的头衔,而后者具有值得保护的非经济价值。由于农民认为GIAHS能否带来经济结果存在不确定性,因此认为政府在保护中应当承担主要责任。所以,当GIAHS无法促进农业系统地非经济价值向经济价值转化时,它作为一种保护工具尚未有效地鼓励农民积极参与保护。基于这一研究结果,我们建议GIAHS概念应当与农民认知相匹配,从而为农民提供保护动力。

关 键 词：Important Agricultural Heritage System(IAHS) CONSERVATION Duotian rural community value perception 

分 类 号：F313[经济管理—产业经济]