不同年龄段银杏树雌株根系土壤细菌群落演替特征分析  

Evolution of Bacterial Characteristics in Rhizospheric Soil of Different Ages of Female Ginkgo Biloba L.

作　　者：张萌[1] 侯怡铃[1] 钱叶[1,2] 陈嘉慧 侯万儒[1] 丁祥[3] ZHANG Meng;HOU Yi-ling;QIAN Ye;CHEN Jia-hui;HOU Wan-ru;DING Xiang(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation,Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,China West Normal University,None hong 637009,China;No.6 Middle School of Neijiang City,Neijicuig 641000,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,China West Normal University,None hong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009 [2]四川省内江市第六中学,四川内江641000 [3]西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《土壤通报》2019年第6期1343-1351,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：2017年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201710638001）;2017年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201710638001）;2016年校级大学生创新训练项目（cxcy2016018）资助

摘　　要：以幼年期(10年以下)、挂果期(20年)和盛年期(40年以上)的银杏树根系土壤为研究对象,探讨银杏雌株树龄与土壤中细菌菌群结构的关系。运用Illumina Mi Seq平台测序分析幼年期、挂果期以及盛年期银杏树根系土壤细菌的16S r RNA V3~V4区变异序列,对不同年龄阶段银杏树雌株根系土壤细菌的菌群多样性和结构进行研究。银杏树雌株根系土壤共获得612219条微生物的16S r RNA有效基因序列,在97%的相似水平下共得到OTU个数为23294。热图分析表明,各个年龄段银杏树雌株的土壤细菌群落差异较大,不同年龄段优势属不同。据9个土壤样品的多样性指数分析得出,在3组年龄段银杏雌株的土壤样本中,幼年期Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Chao1指数以及ACE指数都是最大,而挂果期皆最小,表明幼年期银杏雌株土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最高,挂果期银杏土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最低。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)在土壤细菌群落中占绝对优势。挂果期和盛果期银杏雌株土壤中浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)及变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和相对丰度普遍低于幼年期,挂果期银杏树的土壤与盛果期银杏树的土壤中的放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的相对丰度明显高于幼年期银杏树的土壤。WS3在盛果期银杏土壤中的相对丰度最低。银杏树雌株树龄可对土壤细菌菌群的多样性及菌群结构产生影响。伴随着育种年限的增加,银杏雌株表层土壤中细菌多样性呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势,且银杏雌株树龄对其土壤细菌的多样性和结构有显著影响。The relationship between the ages of female Ginkgo biloba L.and soil bacterial community structure was discussed during the juvenile period of Ginkgo biloba L.less than 10 years,the fruiting period of that at 20 years old,and the full-fruit period of that more than 40 years.The sequence of V3-V4 in 16 S rRNA gene was determined to explore the bacteria diversity and composition by using the Illumina Mi Seq sequencing platform.The 16 S rRNA gene sequences of 612219 microorganisms were obtained in the root soil of Ginkgo biloba L.,and the total number of OTU was 23294 at 97%similarity.Heat map analysis showed that the bacterial community varied widely,and the dominant genera were different among different ages of the female Ginkgo biloba L..The indices of Shannon,Simpson,Chao1 and ACE in soil samples were the highest during the juvenile stage,but were the smallest during the fruiting period of female Ginkgo biloba L.,which indicated that the diversity and richness of soil microbial community were the highest during the juvenile stage,and were the lowest during the fruiting period of female Ginkgo biloba L..The Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were dominant in soil bacterial community.The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes were generally higher during the juvenile stage than those during the fruiting stages.The relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were significantly higher during the fruiting stages than those during the juvenile stage.WS3 had the lowest relative abundance during the full-fruit stage.The bacterial diversity in the topsoil decreased first and then increased with the increase of ages of female Ginkgo biloba L..

关 键 词：菌群多样性 高通量测序 细菌群落 银杏 树龄 

分 类 号：S938.1[农业科学—渔业资源]