秋后暂养育肥对大规格商品蟹品质的影响研究  

Study on the Effects of Holding Culture for Fatting after Autumn on the Quality of Large-sized Commercial Crabs

作　　者：刘家丰 黄龙 何吉祥[2] 江河[2] 凌俊[2] 奚业文[3] LIU Jia-feng;HUANG Long;HE Ji-xiang(Fishery Management Center of Yingshang County,Yingshang,Anhui 236200;Fisher Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽省阜阳市颍上县水产管理中心,安徽颍上236200 [2]安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽省水产技术推广总站,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第5期106-108,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院名优水产品养殖技术创新团队项目(2019YL027);安徽省水产产业技术体系项目(皖农科2016[84]号)

摘　　要：为探讨秋后暂养育肥对大规格商品蟹外观、生物学和营养成分等品质指标的影响,选择面积0.1333~0.2000 hm 2的试验池塘6口,每3口为一组,一组暂养雌蟹,另一组暂养雄蟹,随机观察并测定暂养0、10、20、30、45、60 d雌、雄蟹的外观色泽、肌肉指数、性腺指数、肝胰脏指数、肥满度以及可食部分水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分含量。结果表明,暂养20 d后,河蟹体色有较明显改变;暂养30~60 d,体色基本稳定,具有明显的“青壳、白肚、黄毛、金爪”特征。不论是雌蟹还是雄蟹,暂养20、30 d时各项生物学指标均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);暂养30~60 d除雌蟹性腺指数外,各项生物学指标差异均不显著(P>0.05);与30 d相比,暂养60 d雌蟹性腺指数显著上升(P<0.05),肝胰腺指数略有下降(P>0.05)。无论是雌蟹还是雄蟹,暂养对可食部分粗蛋白及灰分含量均无显著影响(P>0.05),但对粗脂肪含量及雄蟹水分含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。In order to explore the effects of holding culture for fatting after autumn on the appearance,biological and nutritional indices of large-sized commercial crabs,six experimental ponds(three ponds in each group)with the area of 0.1333-0.2000 hm 2 were selected,female crabs were raised in one group and male crabs were raised in the other group.The appearance color,muscle index,gonad index,hepatopancreas index,fatness and water content,crude protein,crude fat and ash content of edible part of female and male crabs were observed and measured on the 0 th,10 th,20 th,30 th,45 th and 60 th days.The results showed that,after 20 days of holding culture,the body color of crabs changed obviously.After 30-60 days of holding culture,the body color was basically stable,with the characteristics of"blue shell,white abdomen,yellow setae and golden leg".After 20-30 days of holding culture,the biological indexes of both female and male crabs were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).After 30-60 days of holding culture,all biological indices had no significant difference(P>0.05),except for the gonad index of female crabs.Compared with 30 th day,the gonad index of female crabs increased significantly(P<0.05),and the hepatopancreas index decreased slightly(P>0.05)on the 60 th days.The holding culture has no significant effect on the content of crude protein and ash in edible parts of female and male crabs(P>0.05),but it had significant effects on the crude fat content in female and male crabs,and water content in male crabs(P<0.05).

关 键 词：河蟹 暂养育肥 外观品质 生物学指标 营养指标 

分 类 号：S968.25[农业科学—水产养殖]